Question 1: Stopping distance is the total distance a vehicle travels from the moment the driver applies the brakes until it comes to a complete stop. It depends on factors such as vehicle speed, brake efficiency, and road conditions.

Answer: The total distance traveled by a vehicle from brake application to full stop, influenced by speed, brake efficiency, and road conditions.

Question 1: Define 'thinking distance' and 'braking distance' in the context of vehicle stopping distance.

Answer: Thinking distance is the distance traveled from noticing a hazard to applying the brakes; braking distance is the distance traveled from brake application to full stop.

Question 2: List three factors that can influence the braking distance of a vehicle.

Answer: Vehicle speed, road surface condition, brake efficiency, vehicle mass, and tire condition.

Question 1: A car traveling at 20 meters per second applies brakes and comes to a stop in 5 seconds. Calculate the initial velocity, assuming constant deceleration. Use the formula: v = u + at, where final velocity v = 0 m/s. Find u (initial velocity).

Answer: u = 20 m/s

Question 2: A vehicle traveling at 25 m/s has a braking distance of 50 meters. Assuming uniform deceleration, calculate the magnitude of the deceleration. Use the formula: v^2 = u^2 + 2as, where v = 0 m/s, u = 25 m/s, s = 50 m.

Answer: a = -6.25 m/s^2

Question 1: Describe a simple experiment to measure the braking distance of a bicycle. Include the variables you would control and safety precautions.

Answer: Students could measure the distance traveled from the point where brakes are applied to when the bicycle comes to rest, controlling variables such as bicycle speed, tire pressure, and surface type. Safety precautions include wearing helmets and ensuring a clear, flat surface.

Question 1: A car traveling at 30 m/s has a measured braking distance of 60 meters on dry asphalt. When the same car travels at 40 m/s under similar conditions, the braking distance increases to 120 meters. Analyze how the initial speed affects the braking distance.

Answer: The braking distance increases significantly with speed, roughly proportional to the square of the initial velocity, indicating that braking distance is proportional to the square of the initial speed.

Question 1: Explain how modern car safety features, such as anti-lock braking systems (ABS), influence the braking distance and vehicle control during braking.

Answer: ABS prevents wheel lock-up, allowing drivers to maintain steering control and reducing stopping distances on slippery surfaces, thus improving safety.

Question 2: Discuss how understanding stopping distances can influence driver behavior and road safety policies.

Answer: Knowledge of how speed, road conditions, and vehicle factors affect stopping distance encourages safer driving practices, such as reducing speed in poor conditions, and informs policies like speed limits and road maintenance standards to improve overall safety.