Question 1: Define 'resultant force' in your own words.

Answer: The overall force acting on an object when all individual forces are combined, determining the object's motion.

Question 2: Explain how two forces in opposite directions affect the resultant force when they are equal in magnitude.

Answer: When two equal forces act in opposite directions, the resultant force is zero, and the object remains in equilibrium.

Question 3: Describe the mechanism by which a net force causes an object to accelerate.

Answer: A net force produces an acceleration according to Newton's second law, where the acceleration is directly proportional to the net force and inversely proportional to the mass.

Question 1: A car experiences a forward force of 1500 N and a braking force of 500 N. Calculate the resultant force acting on the car.

Answer: Resultant force = 1500 N - 500 N = 1000 N forward.

Question 2: A cyclist applies a force of 200 N to move a bicycle, while friction opposes this with a force of 50 N. What is the net force acting on the bicycle?

Answer: Net force = 200 N - 50 N = 150 N forward.

Question 3: An object of mass 10 kg is acted upon by two forces: 30 N to the east and 20 N to the north. Calculate the magnitude of the resultant force using Pythagoras.

Answer: Resultant force = √(30² + 20²) = √(900 + 400) = √1300 ≈ 36.06 N.

Question 1: Outline the key variables you would control in an experiment to investigate how the size of a force affects the acceleration of an object.

Answer: Variables include the mass of the object, the magnitude of the applied force, and the surface friction.

Question 2: Identify two safety precautions that should be taken when conducting experiments involving forces and motion.

Answer: Ensure secure attachment of forces to prevent sudden releases, and wear protective gear to avoid injuries.

Question 1: In an experiment, a boat is pulled with a force of 250 N northward and experiences a resistance force of 100 N southward. What is the net force acting on the boat, and in which direction does it accelerate?

Answer: Net force = 250 N - 100 N = 150 N northward; the boat accelerates northward.

Question 2: A drone is subjected to three forces: 5 N upward, 3 N downward, and 4 N to the east. Determine the resultant force magnitude and direction of the drone's resultant motion.

Answer: Vertical net force = 5 N - 3 N = 2 N upward; Horizontal force = 4 N east; Resultant magnitude = √(2² + 4²) = √(4 + 16) = √20 ≈ 4.47 N eastward.

Question 1: Explain how understanding resultant forces is essential in designing safer car braking systems.

Answer: Understanding resultant forces allows engineers to design braking systems that can produce sufficient force to stop vehicles within safe distances, accounting for factors like friction, mass, and force distribution. Proper analysis ensures safety and efficiency.

Question 2: Describe how the concept of resultant forces can be applied in the development of robotic arm movement in manufacturing industries.

Answer: Robotic arms rely on the precise control of multiple forces acting on joints and components. By analysing resultant forces, engineers can optimise motor torques and force distributions to achieve accurate positioning and movement, ensuring efficiency and safety.