Question 1: Define 'resultant force' in the context of physics.

Answer: The single force that represents the combined effect of all forces acting on an object.

Question 2: Explain how balanced and unbalanced forces differ in terms of their effect on an object.

Answer: Balanced forces result in no change in motion, while unbalanced forces cause acceleration or deceleration.

Question 1: A box is pushed with a force of 50 N to the east and another force of 30 N to the north. Calculate the magnitude and direction of the resultant force acting on the box.

Answer: Resultant force magnitude = 58.3 N; Direction = 30° north of east.

Question 2: A car experiences two forces acting in the same line: 2000 N forward and 1500 N backward. What is the resultant force acting on the car? State whether it causes acceleration or deceleration.

Answer: Resultant force = 500 N forward; causes acceleration.

Question 1: Design a simple experiment to measure the effect of varying forces on the acceleration of a trolley. List the variables involved and safety precautions needed.

Answer: Experiment involves applying different known forces to a trolley on a frictionless surface, measuring acceleration with a motion sensor or stopwatch. Variables include applied force (independent), acceleration (dependent), and mass (controlled). Precautions include ensuring the surface is clear, securing the force application method, and wearing safety goggles.

Question 1: A cyclist applies a force of 250 N forward while a wind resistance of 100 N acts against the motion. What is the net force acting on the cyclist? What does this imply about the cyclist's acceleration?

Answer: Net force = 150 N forward; implies the cyclist is accelerating forward.

Question 1: A boat is pulled with a force of 500 N eastward across a river. The water resistance offers a force of 200 N westward. Calculate the net force acting on the boat and explain how this affects its motion.

Answer: Net force = 300 N eastward. This causes the boat to accelerate in the eastward direction.

Question 1: Explain how understanding resultant forces is important in designing safer vehicles or in sports such as football or cycling.

Answer: Knowing resultant forces helps engineers design vehicles that can withstand forces during accidents and allows athletes to optimise their movements for efficiency and safety.