Question 1: Define a scalar quantity and provide two examples relevant to forces or motion.

Answer: A scalar quantity has only magnitude and no direction. Examples include speed and mass.

Question 2: Explain the main difference between a scalar and a vector quantity.

Answer: A scalar has only magnitude, whereas a vector has both magnitude and direction.

Question 3: Identify whether the following is a scalar or a vector: The velocity of a car moving at 60 km/h east.

Answer: Vector

Question 4: A force of 10 N acts on an object towards the north. Is this a scalar or a vector? Justify your answer.

Answer: It is a vector because it has both magnitude (10 N) and direction (north).

Question 5: Calculate the resultant of two forces: 5 N east and 12 N north. (Use Pythagoras' theorem)

Answer: Resultant force = √(5^2 + 12^2) = √(25 + 144) = √169 = 13 N

Question 6: Describe a real-world scenario where understanding vector quantities is essential in industry or daily life.

Answer: In navigation, pilots must consider wind speed and direction (vectors) to determine the correct heading and ensure accurate travel paths.

Question 7: List two safety precautions when conducting experiments involving forces.

Answer: Ensure all equipment is securely anchored and wear appropriate safety gear such as gloves and goggles.

Question 8: In your own words, explain why vector addition is important in understanding motion.

Answer: Vector addition allows us to determine the overall effect of multiple forces or velocities acting in different directions, which is essential for accurately predicting motion.

Question 9: What is the SI unit used to measure force? Provide its symbol.

Answer: The SI unit for force is the newton, symbol N.

Question 10: Explain the concept of vector resolution and give a practical example where it might be used.

Answer: Vector resolution involves breaking a vector into its component parts along specified axes, such as resolving a wind vector into horizontal and vertical components to assess its impact on an aircraft.