Question 1: Define particle motion in the context of gases.

Answer: Particle motion in gases refers to the random, rapid movement of individual gas particles in all directions.

Question 2: Explain how the speed of gas particles affects gas pressure.

Answer: As particle speed increases, particles collide more forcefully with container walls, increasing gas pressure.

Question 3: Which of the following factors can increase the pressure of a gas in a sealed container?

Answer: All of the above

Question 4: Fill in the blank: When gas particles collide with the walls of a container, they exert a ______ force, which contributes to gas pressure.

Answer: force

Question 5: Describe what happens to the average kinetic energy of gas particles when the temperature is increased.

Answer: The average kinetic energy of gas particles increases as temperature rises.

Question 6: State one practical method to demonstrate the relationship between temperature and gas pressure.

Answer: Heating a sealed gas syringe and observing the increase in pressure.

Question 7: In an experiment, if the volume of a gas is kept constant and the temperature is doubled, what happens to the gas pressure? Explain your answer.

Answer: The pressure of the gas doubles because, according to Gay-Lussac's law, pressure is directly proportional to temperature when volume is constant. Increased temperature increases particle speed and collision force.

Question 8: Analyse a scenario where a balloon bursts after being heated. Explain the particle motion and pressure changes involved.

Answer: Heating the balloon increases the temperature of the gas inside, which increases the average kinetic energy of the particles. This causes particles to move faster and collide more forcefully with the balloon walls, increasing pressure. If the pressure exceeds the balloon's elastic limit, it bursts.

Question 9: Discuss the safety precautions and variables to consider when designing a practical experiment to measure gas pressure changes with temperature.

Answer: Safety precautions include wearing eye protection, handling heated equipment carefully, and ensuring the container is suitable for temperature changes to prevent explosion. Variables to consider are initial temperature, volume of gas, type of gas, and ensuring accurate measurement of pressure and temperature.