Question 1: Define a solenoid and describe how it produces a magnetic field.

Answer: A solenoid is a long coil of wire wound in a helix that produces a magnetic field similar to a bar magnet when an electric current flows through it.

Question 2: Explain why the magnetic field inside a solenoid is uniform and strong.

Answer: Because the magnetic fields from individual loops combine, creating a uniform and strong magnetic field along the centre of the solenoid.

Question 1: Calculate the magnetic field strength inside a solenoid of length 0.5 m, with 200 turns, carrying a current of 3 A. Use the formula B = μ₀ * (N/L) * I, where μ₀ = 4π × 10⁻⁷ T·m/A.

Answer: B = 4π × 10⁻⁷ * (200/0.5) * 3 = approximately 1.51 × 10⁻³ Tesla

Question 2: A solenoid has 150 turns, is 0.75 m long, and carries a current of 2.5 A. What is the magnetic flux density inside the solenoid? Use μ₀ = 4π × 10⁻⁷ T·m/A.

Answer: B = 4π × 10⁻⁷ * (150/0.75) * 2.5 = approximately 1.57 × 10⁻³ Tesla

Question 1: Describe a simple experiment to demonstrate the magnetic field inside a solenoid. Include the variables you would control and safety precautions to consider.

Answer: Set up a solenoid with a known number of turns and current source. Use a small compass at various points along the solenoid to observe magnetic field uniformity. Control variables such as current and number of turns. Ensure the current does not exceed recommended levels to prevent overheating. Keep wiring insulated and avoid contact with live circuits.

Question 1: A solenoid with 300 turns and length 0.6 m carries a current of 4 A. The magnetic field inside is measured to be approximately 2.5 × 10⁻³ Tesla. Does this measurement align with theoretical predictions? Show your calculations.

Answer: Using B = μ₀ * (N/L) * I: B = 4π × 10⁻⁷ * (300/0.6) * 4 ≈ 2.51 × 10⁻³ Tesla, which aligns with the measurement.

Question 1: Explain how the magnetic field inside a solenoid can be adjusted. Include at least two methods and discuss their practical applications.

Answer: The magnetic field inside a solenoid can be adjusted by changing the current flowing through it or by modifying the number of turns in the coil. Increasing the current strengthens the magnetic field, useful in electromagnetic relays. Adding more turns increases the magnetic field strength, used in electromagnets for lifting heavy metallic objects.

Question 1: Describe how solenoids are used in electric door locks or automotive starters. Explain the principle behind their operation.

Answer: In electric door locks and automotive starters, solenoids act as electromagnetic actuators. When current flows, they produce a magnetic field that pulls a plunger or lever, engaging or disengaging the lock or starting the engine.