Question 1: Define acceleration in your own words.

Answer: Acceleration is the rate at which an object changes its velocity over time.

Question 2: Explain how acceleration differs from speed.

Answer: Speed measures how fast an object is moving, while acceleration measures how quickly the speed or direction of the object changes.

Question 1: A car accelerates from 20 m/s to 60 m/s in 8 seconds. Calculate its acceleration.

Answer: Acceleration = (60 m/s - 20 m/s) / 8 s = 40 m/s / 8 s = 5 m/s^2

Question 2: An object has an initial velocity of 15 m/s and a final velocity of 5 m/s. If the change occurs over 4 seconds, what is the acceleration?

Answer: Acceleration = (5 m/s - 15 m/s) / 4 s = -10 m/s / 4 s = -2.5 m/s^2

Question 1: Describe a simple experiment to measure the acceleration of a rolling ball.

Answer: Use a smooth ramp, release the ball from a known height, measure the time taken to reach the bottom, and calculate acceleration using kinematic equations.

Question 2: Identify three variables that can affect the acceleration of a vehicle in real-world driving conditions.

Answer: Mass of the vehicle, engine power, and road incline.

Question 3: State two safety precautions that should be taken when conducting experiments involving motion and acceleration.

Answer: Ensure the experimental setup is secure and wear protective gear such as safety glasses.

Question 1: A cyclist accelerates uniformly from 0 m/s to 10 m/s in 5 seconds. Without plotting a graph, explain how the acceleration value reflects this change.

Answer: Since the cyclist's velocity increases from 0 to 10 m/s over 5 seconds, the acceleration is 2 m/s^2, indicating a steady increase in speed.

Question 2: A train slows down from 30 m/s to 0 m/s in 15 seconds. Describe what the negative acceleration indicates about the train's motion.

Answer: Negative acceleration indicates deceleration, meaning the train is reducing its speed until it comes to a stop.

Question 1: Explain how understanding acceleration is important in designing safety features for automobiles.

Answer: Understanding acceleration helps engineers develop safety features like seat belts and airbags that can better protect passengers during rapid deceleration or collision by managing forces involved.

Question 2: Describe a real-world technology that utilizes the concept of acceleration in its operation.

Answer: Anti-lock braking systems (ABS) in cars use sensors to detect rapid acceleration or deceleration, allowing the system to prevent wheel lockup and maintain steering control.