Question 1: Define acceleration and explain how it differs from speed.

Answer: Acceleration is the rate at which an object’s velocity changes over time. Unlike speed, which only measures how fast an object moves, acceleration involves a change in velocity, including changes in speed or direction.

Question 2: What is the SI unit of acceleration?

Answer: Meters per second squared (m/s²).

Question 3: Describe a scenario where an object is accelerating.

Answer: A car increasing its speed from 20 m/s to 30 m/s over 5 seconds is accelerating.

Question 1: An object speeds up from 10 m/s to 30 m/s in 4 seconds. Calculate its acceleration using the formula: a = (v_f - v_i) / t.

Answer: a = (30 m/s - 10 m/s) / 4 s = 20 m/s²

Question 2: A cyclist accelerates uniformly from a velocity of 5 m/s to 15 m/s over 5 seconds. What is their acceleration?

Answer: a = (15 m/s - 5 m/s) / 5 s = 2 m/s²

Question 3: If an object’s initial velocity is 0 m/s, and it reaches 25 m/s in 5 seconds, what is its acceleration?

Answer: a = (25 m/s - 0) / 5 s = 5 m/s²

Question 1: Describe a simple experiment to measure the acceleration of a rolling ball.

Answer: One could roll a ball down an inclined plane with a measurable length, record the time it takes to reach the bottom, and calculate acceleration using the known distance and time. Repeating the experiment and averaging the results improves accuracy.

Question 2: Identify at least three variables that affect the acceleration of an object in a practical experiment.

Answer: The mass of the object, the slope of the incline, and the surface friction.

Question 3: List safety precautions students should observe when conducting experiments involving motion and acceleration.

Answer: Ensure the area is clear of obstacles, use appropriate protective gear such as goggles, and secure all equipment to prevent accidents.

Question 1: A scooter accelerates from 0 m/s to 10 m/s in 2 seconds. Describe what this indicates about its acceleration.

Answer: It indicates that the scooter is increasing its velocity at a rate of 5 m/s² during this period.

Question 2: A train is moving at a constant velocity of 80 km/h. What can you say about its acceleration?

Answer: Since the train moves at a constant velocity, its acceleration is zero.

Question 3: Explain how an object can be accelerating even if its speed remains the same.

Answer: An object can accelerate by changing direction while maintaining the same speed, such as a car turning around a bend at constant speed, which involves a change in velocity direction.

Question 1: Describe how understanding acceleration is important in designing safe roller coasters.

Answer: Engineers must calculate acceleration to ensure that forces experienced by riders are within safe limits, preventing injuries during rapid changes in speed or direction.

Question 2: Explain the role of acceleration in the safety features of modern vehicles, such as anti-lock braking systems (ABS).

Answer: ABS detects rapid deceleration (negative acceleration) to prevent wheel lockup, helping maintain steering control and reducing accidents.

Question 3: In what ways does understanding acceleration contribute to advancements in transportation technology?

Answer: Understanding acceleration allows engineers to optimize vehicle performance for safety and efficiency, develop better braking and acceleration systems, improve fuel economy, and design vehicles that can safely handle rapid speed changes and sharp turns.