Question 1: Define the motor effect in your own words.

Answer: The motor effect is the force experienced by a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field, which causes the conductor to move or experience a force.

Question 2: Explain how a simple electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

Answer: A simple electric motor uses a current in a magnetic field to produce a force on a conductor. This force causes the conductor to rotate, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy.

Question 3: What is the role of the split ring commutator in an electric motor?

Answer: The split ring commutator reverses the direction of the current in the coil every half turn, ensuring the force on the coil remains in the same direction and the motor keeps spinning.

Question 1: A current of 3 A flows through a conductor of length 0.5 m in a magnetic field of 0.2 T. Calculate the force acting on the conductor using the formula F = BIL sin θ. Assume θ = 90°.

Answer: F = 0.2 T × 3 A × 0.5 m × sin 90° = 0.2 × 3 × 0.5 × 1 = 0.3 N

Question 2: An electric motor's coil experiences a force of 2 N when a current of 4 A is passing through it. If the magnetic flux density is 0.1 T, what is the length of the conductor within the magnetic field?

Answer: L = F / (B × I) = 2 N / (0.1 T × 4 A) = 2 / 0.4 = 5 m

Question 1: Describe a basic experiment to demonstrate the motor effect using a wire, a magnet, and a power supply. Include the variables you would change and safety precautions.

Answer: Set up a wire coil connected to a power supply within a magnetic field created by a strong magnet. Change the current (variable: current magnitude) and observe the movement of the wire (force). Safety precautions include ensuring the wire does not overheat, avoiding short circuits, and handling magnets carefully to prevent injury.

Question 1: A motor operates with a magnetic flux density of 0.3 T, a current of 2.5 A, and a conductor length of 0.4 m. The measured force on the conductor is 0.3 N. Does this data support the formula F = BIL sin θ? Explain your reasoning.

Answer: Yes, because using F = BIL sin θ with θ = 90°, F = 0.3 T × 2.5 A × 0.4 m = 0.3 N, which matches the measured force, confirming the formula's validity.

Question 1: Identify two everyday devices that use electric motors and briefly explain how the motor effect is utilised in each.

Answer: Electric fans use motors where the motor effect causes the rotor to spin, creating airflow. Washing machines have motors that turn the drum, with the motor effect enabling the rotation necessary for washing.

Question 2: Discuss how advancements in magnetic materials can improve the efficiency of electric motors in electric vehicles.

Answer: Using stronger and more efficient magnetic materials, such as rare-earth magnets, can increase the magnetic flux density, resulting in higher forces and torque. This leads to more efficient motors with less energy loss, improving range and performance in electric vehicles.