Question 1: Define Fleming's Left Hand Rule and explain its purpose in magnetism and electric motors.

Answer: Fleming's Left Hand Rule is a mnemonic used to determine the direction of force experienced by a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field. It helps predict the force direction in electric motors.

Question 2: Describe how magnetic fields interact with electric currents in nanoscale devices such as nanowires or nanotubes.

Answer: Magnetic fields exert forces on moving charges within nanowires or nanotubes, allowing control of their movement or orientation, which is essential in nanotechnology applications.

Question 3: Explain the mechanism by which Fleming's Left Hand Rule helps determine the direction of motion in a nano-motor.

Answer: By aligning the thumb, forefinger, and middle finger according to the rule, one can determine the direction of force, magnetic field, and current, which guides the nano-motor’s movement.

Question 1: A nanowire carrying a current of 5 μA is placed in a magnetic field of 0.2 Tesla. Calculate the force exerted on the nanowire if its length is 2 micrometers. Use the formula: F = BIL sin θ, where θ = 90°.

Answer: F = B * I * L * sin θ = 0.2 T * 5 x 10^-6 A * 2 x 10^-6 m * 1 = 2 x 10^-12 N

Question 2: If the magnetic field strength doubles and the current remains the same, what is the new force on the nanowire?

Answer: The force doubles to 4 x 10^-12 N.

Question 1: Describe a theoretical experiment to demonstrate the effect of magnetic forces on a nanoscale conductor in a laboratory setting.

Answer: Set up a nanowire in a controlled magnetic field environment, pass a small current through it, and observe the movement or deflection of the nanowire. Use sensors to measure force and ensure safety precautions such as magnetic shielding and proper handling of nanoscale materials.

Question 2: Identify key variables that affect the magnetic force on nanoscale conductors in experiments.

Answer: Variables include magnetic field strength, current magnitude, length of the conductor, and angle between the magnetic field and current.

Question 1: A nanoscale electric motor uses a magnetic field of 0.3 Tesla and a current of 10 μA in a nanowire 3 micrometers long. Describe how Fleming's Left Hand Rule helps in designing the direction of force and movement.

Answer: Using Fleming’s Left Hand Rule, the direction of magnetic field, current, and force can be predicted. The thumb indicates force direction, forefinger the magnetic field, and middle finger the current. This helps engineers orient the nanowire to achieve desired movement.

Question 2: In nanotechnology manufacturing, how does controlling magnetic forces enhance the precision of nanoscale assembly?

Answer: By applying controlled magnetic fields and currents, manufacturers can manipulate nanoscale components with high precision, improving assembly accuracy and enabling complex nanostructures.