Question 1: Define Newton's Second Law of Motion in your own words.

Answer: Newton's Second Law states that the force acting on an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration (F=ma).

Question 2: Explain why increasing the mass of an object while applying the same force results in a smaller acceleration.

Answer: Because acceleration is inversely proportional to mass, increasing the mass decreases acceleration when force remains constant.

Question 3: What are the SI units for force, mass, and acceleration?

Answer: Force is measured in newtons (N), mass in kilograms (kg), and acceleration in metres per second squared (m/s²).

Question 4: A car with a mass of 1500 kg accelerates at 2 m/s². Calculate the force exerted on the car.

Answer: Force = mass × acceleration = 1500 kg × 2 m/s² = 3000 N

Question 5: Describe a simple experiment to demonstrate the relationship F=ma using a trolley and weights.

Answer: Attach a trolley to a pulley system with different known weights. Measure the acceleration of the trolley with each weight. Show that increasing the weight (force) results in higher acceleration, confirming F=ma.

Question 6: In a scenario, a force of 50 N causes a mass of 10 kg to accelerate. What is the acceleration? (Show your working.)

Answer: Acceleration = Force / Mass = 50 N / 10 kg = 5 m/s²

Question 7: Multiple Choice: Which of the following correctly expresses Newton's Second Law?

Answer: Force equals mass times acceleration

Question 8: Fill in the blank: When the mass of an object remains constant, increasing the force applied will _______ the acceleration.

Answer: increase

Question 9: Explain how the concept of F=ma is used in designing safety features in vehicles.

Answer: Engineers use F=ma to understand how different forces affect vehicle crash dynamics. Safety features like crumple zones and airbags are designed to increase the time over which a collision force is applied, thereby reducing the force experienced by occupants according to F=ma.

Question 10: Identify the variables in the equation F=ma and describe how changing each affects the other variables.

Answer: Variables are Force (F), Mass (m), and Acceleration (a). Increasing force increases acceleration if mass remains constant; increasing mass decreases acceleration if force remains constant.