Question 1: Define Newton's Second Law of Motion and explain its significance in understanding force and motion.

Answer: Newton's Second Law states that the force acting on an object is equal to its mass multiplied by its acceleration (F=ma). It explains how the motion of an object changes in response to applied forces.

Question 2: What are the SI units for force, mass, and acceleration?

Answer: Force is measured in Newtons (N), mass in kilograms (kg), and acceleration in meters per second squared (m/s²).

Question 1: A car with a mass of 1500 kg accelerates at 3 m/s². Calculate the force exerted on the car.

Answer: Force = 1500 kg × 3 m/s² = 4500 N

Question 2: An object experiences a force of 60 N and has a mass of 12 kg. What is its acceleration?

Answer: Acceleration = 60 N / 12 kg = 5 m/s²

Question 1: Describe a simple experiment to demonstrate the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration. Include the variables involved and safety precautions.

Answer: An experiment can involve sliding different masses down an inclined plane and measuring the acceleration with a motion sensor or stopwatch. Variables include mass (independent variable), acceleration (dependent variable), and force (which can be applied using weights). Safety precautions include ensuring the ramp is stable, avoiding loose clothing, and handling weights carefully.

Question 1: A sled with a mass of 20 kg is pulled with a force of 40 N, resulting in an acceleration of 2 m/s². If the force is increased to 60 N while keeping the mass constant, what will be the new acceleration? Explain your reasoning.

Answer: Using F=ma, the new acceleration = 60 N / 20 kg = 3 m/s². Increasing the force increases acceleration proportionally, consistent with F=ma.

Question 2: An object of unknown mass experiences an acceleration of 4 m/s² when a force of 32 N is applied. Determine its mass.

Answer: Mass = 32 N / 4 m/s² = 8 kg

Question 1: Explain how Newton's Second Law is used in designing safety features like seat belts in vehicles.

Answer: Seat belts increase the time over which the stopping force acts, reducing acceleration and thus force on passengers, according to F=ma. They help control the force during sudden stops, improving safety.