Question 1: Define Newton's Second Law of Motion in your own words.

Answer: Newton's Second Law states that the force acting on an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration (F=ma).

Question 2: Explain how increasing the mass of an object affects the force required to produce a given acceleration.

Answer: Increasing the mass of an object requires a greater force to achieve the same acceleration, because force is directly proportional to mass.

Question 1: A force of 150 N is applied to a mass of 30 kg. What is the acceleration of the object? (Use F=ma)

Answer: a = F/m = 150 N / 30 kg = 5 m/s²

Question 2: An object accelerates at 4 m/s² when a force of 20 N is applied. What is the mass of the object?

Answer: m = F / a = 20 N / 4 m/s² = 5 kg

Question 1: Describe a simple experiment to demonstrate the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration. Include the variables involved and safety precautions.

Answer: One possible experiment involves attaching different masses to a cart on a frictionless surface and applying a constant force using a pulley system. Variables include the mass of the cart, the applied force, and the resulting acceleration. Safety precautions include ensuring the surface is clear of obstacles, securing all masses properly, and using appropriate protective gear if needed.

Question 1: A 10 kg object accelerates at 3 m/s² when a force of 30 N is applied. If the force is increased to 45 N, what is the new acceleration? Explain your reasoning.

Answer: Using F=ma, initial acceleration confirms force (30 N) and mass (10 kg). Increasing force to 45 N, the new acceleration is a = F/m = 45 N / 10 kg = 4.5 m/s². The acceleration increases proportionally with the force.

Question 1: A bicycle rider applies a force of 50 N to accelerate a 15 kg bike. Calculate the acceleration. Show your work.

Answer: a = F/m = 50 N / 15 kg ≈ 3.33 m/s²

Question 2: Explain why a heavier object requires a greater force to accelerate at the same rate as a lighter object. Use the concept of F=ma in your explanation.

Answer: According to F=ma, force is directly proportional to mass for a given acceleration. Therefore, a heavier object (greater mass) requires a larger force to achieve the same acceleration as a lighter object because more mass resists changes in motion.

Question 1: Provide an example of how understanding F=ma is important in the design of safety features in vehicles.

Answer: Engineers use F=ma to design crumple zones and airbags, ensuring that forces during a collision are managed to protect passengers by controlling acceleration and reducing injury.