Question 1: Define inertia and explain its relationship with an object's mass.

Answer: Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion. It is directly related to an object's mass; the greater the mass, the greater the inertia.

Question 2: A heavy truck and a bicycle are moving at the same speed. Which object has more inertia? Explain why.

Answer: The heavy truck has more inertia because it has a larger mass, making it more resistant to changes in its motion.

Question 3: Calculate the inertia (mass) of an object that resists a change in motion with a force of 50 N applied over 10 seconds, assuming constant force and acceleration.

Answer: Using the formula F = m * a and considering a change in velocity over time, if acceleration is not given, assume initial to final velocity change is 1 m/s, then m = F / a. Without specific acceleration, provide the equation: m = Force / acceleration.

Question 4: Identify three factors that influence an object's inertia and briefly explain each.

Answer: Factors influencing inertia include mass (larger mass means higher inertia), shape (affects how mass is distributed), and material (density and composition can affect mass distribution).

Question 5: Describe a simple experiment to demonstrate inertia using household objects. Include variables to be controlled and identified.

Answer: One experiment involves sliding a book across a table to observe how it resists changes in motion when pushed. Variables to control include the surface friction and the force applied. The experiment shows that objects with greater mass (like a heavier book) resist changes in motion more than lighter objects.

Question 6: A car traveling at 60 mph suddenly brakes. Explain how inertia affects the passengers' movement and safety.

Answer: Passengers tend to continue moving forward due to inertia, which can cause injury if not restrained by seatbelts. Inertia resists the change in motion when the car stops suddenly.

Question 7: In a scenario where two objects of different masses are pushed with the same force, which object experiences a greater acceleration? Explain.

Answer: The object with less mass experiences greater acceleration because acceleration is inversely proportional to mass (according to Newton's Second Law).

Question 8: Explain how understanding inertia is important in designing safety features in vehicles.

Answer: Understanding inertia helps engineers design safety features like seatbelts and airbags that counteract the inertia of passengers during sudden stops or collisions, reducing injuries.

Question 9: A 500 kg object resists a change in motion with a force of 200 N. What is the acceleration produced if the force is applied?

Answer: Using Newton's second law, a = F / m = 200 N / 500 kg = 0.4 m/s².

Question 10: A truck with a mass of 2000 kg is moving at a constant speed. If the truck suddenly encounters resistance and slows down, what principle explains the truck's resistance to change in its motion?

Answer: The principle of inertia, which states that an object in motion resists changes to its state of motion unless acted upon by an external force.