Question 1: Define an electric field and describe how it influences charged particles in industrial chemical processes.

Answer: An electric field is a region around a charged object where other charged particles experience a force. In industry, electric fields are used to manipulate charged particles during manufacturing, such as in electrostatic precipitators or spray painting.

Question 2: Explain the mechanism by which electric fields assist in the separation of particles during industrial chemical production.

Answer: Electric fields exert forces on charged particles, causing them to move or separate based on their charge, which helps in purification, separation, or collection of specific particles in chemical processes.

Question 1: Calculate the electric field strength (E) at a point 0.5 meters from a charged particle with a charge of 2 microcoulombs. Use the formula E = k * |Q| / r^2, where k = 9 x 10^9 N·m²/C².

Answer: E = 9 x 10^9 N·m²/C² * 2 x 10^-6 C / (0.5 m)^2 = 72,000 N/C

Question 2: An industrial electrostatic spray gun applies a charge of 5 microcoulombs to paint droplets. If the electric field strength in the area is 50,000 N/C, what is the force experienced by a single droplet with a mass of 2 x 10^-9 kg? (Use F = q * E).

Answer: Force F = 5 x 10^-6 C * 50,000 N/C = 0.25 N

Question 1: Describe the key safety precautions that should be considered when working with high-voltage electrostatic equipment in a chemical plant.

Answer: Ensure proper grounding of equipment, wear insulating gloves and safety gear, keep flammable materials away, and avoid direct contact with charged parts to prevent sparks or shocks.

Question 2: Design a simple experimental setup to demonstrate how electric fields can separate charged particles in a laboratory setting. Include key variables and safety considerations.

Answer: Set up a chamber with a charged metal plate connected to a high-voltage source, introduce charged particles (e.g., dust or powder), and observe their movement toward oppositely charged plates. Variables include voltage, distance between plates, and particle charge. Safety involves using insulated equipment, limiting voltage, and conducting the experiment in a controlled environment.

Question 1: In a sulfuric acid manufacturing plant, electrostatic precipitators use electric fields to remove particulate matter from exhaust gases. Describe how the electric field strength affects the efficiency of particle collection and what factors might influence this process.

Answer: Stronger electric fields increase the force on charged particles, improving collection efficiency. Factors influencing this include particle size and charge, gas flow rate, and the voltage applied across the precipitator plates.

Question 1: Explain how electric fields are used in the electrostatic coating process in manufacturing. Include benefits and safety considerations.

Answer: Electric fields are used to charge paint droplets, which are then attracted to the target surface, ensuring even coating and reduced waste. Benefits include efficiency, uniform coverage, and environmental advantages. Safety considerations involve managing high voltages, grounding equipment, and protecting workers from sparks and shocks.