Question 1: Explain what a ripple tank is and how it helps in studying wave properties.

Answer: A ripple tank is a shallow tray filled with water used to generate and observe waves. It helps in studying wave properties such as wavelength, frequency, and speed by allowing controlled wave generation and observation.

Question 1: Define wavelength in the context of water waves in a ripple tank.

Answer: Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive crests or troughs of a wave in the ripple tank.

Question 2: Describe how the frequency of waves in a ripple tank affects the speed of the waves.

Answer: The frequency of waves in a ripple tank does not affect their speed; wave speed depends on the water's properties and the medium. However, increasing frequency results in more waves passing a point per second.

Question 1: A ripple tank produces waves with a wavelength of 4 cm and a frequency of 2 Hz. Calculate the wave speed in cm/sec using the formula: Speed = Wavelength × Frequency.

Answer: Speed = 4 cm × 2 Hz = 8 cm/sec

Question 2: If the wave speed in a ripple tank is 12 cm/sec and the wavelength is 3 cm, what is the frequency of the wave?

Answer: Frequency = Speed / Wavelength = 12 cm/sec ÷ 3 cm = 4 Hz

Question 1: List three safety precautions to observe while conducting experiments with a ripple tank.

Answer: Ensure electrical equipment is kept dry, do not splash water outside the tank, and handle the lamp and wires carefully to avoid electric shock.

Question 2: Identify two variables that can be changed to observe different wave patterns in a ripple tank and explain their effects.

Answer: Adjusting the frequency of the wave source changes the number of waves per second, affecting wave density. Changing the water depth can alter wave speed and wavelength.

Question 1: In an experiment, the measured wavelength of a wave in the ripple tank is 5 cm, and the wave frequency is 3 Hz. What is the wave speed? Show your calculation.

Answer: Wave speed = Wavelength × Frequency = 5 cm × 3 Hz = 15 cm/sec

Question 2: During an observation, a wave travels 20 cm in 4 seconds. What is the wave's speed, and what does this tell you about its wavelength if the frequency is 2 Hz?

Answer: Wave speed = Distance / Time = 20 cm / 4 sec = 5 cm/sec. Given the frequency of 2 Hz, the wavelength = Wave speed / Frequency = 5 cm/sec ÷ 2 Hz = 2.5 cm. This indicates the wavelength is 2.5 cm under these conditions.

Question 1: Explain how the principles of wave behavior in a ripple tank are applied in the design of sonar technology used in underwater navigation.

Answer: Sonar uses sound waves that travel through water, reflecting off objects. Understanding wave properties like speed, wavelength, and reflection in ripple tanks helps in designing sonar systems to accurately detect objects underwater.

Question 2: Describe how studying ripple tank waves can help in understanding and predicting tsunamis.

Answer: Ripple tank waves model how water waves propagate and interact. Studying these helps scientists understand wave speed, energy transfer, and how large waves like tsunamis travel across oceans, aiding in prediction and warning systems.