Question 1: Define what a 'specification' is in the context of product design. Why are specifications important when developing a new product?

Answer: A specification is a detailed description of the criteria and requirements that a product must meet. Specifications are important because they guide the design process, ensure the product meets user needs, and help in evaluating if the final product is successful.

Question 2: Imagine you are designing a portable water bottle for students. List at least four key specifications you would include for this product.

Answer: Size and capacity (e.g., 500ml), material (e.g., BPA-free plastic), weight (e.g., less than 200 grams), and durability (e.g., withstands drops from 1 meter).

Question 3: Describe how you would determine the appropriate size specification for a new ergonomic office chair.

Answer: By researching standard measurements for different body sizes, consulting ergonomic guidelines, and testing prototypes with users to ensure comfort and proper support for various users.

Question 4: Sketch a simple design for a handheld tool intended for gardening. Label three features that would meet the product's specifications.

Answer: A sketch of a tool with an ergonomic handle, a metal working end (like a trowel or fork), and a secure grip area. Labels should include the handle (for comfort), the working end (for functionality), and the grip (for control).

Question 5: List three environmental or user safety specifications that should be considered when designing a children's toy.

Answer: Non-toxic materials, smooth edges to prevent cuts, and size features that prevent choking hazards.

Question 6: Design a plan to test whether your product meets its specifications. What steps would you include?

Answer: Create prototypes, conduct user testing, measure key features against specifications (e.g., size, weight), gather feedback, and make necessary modifications based on test results.

Question 7: Sketch a concept for a compact, foldable bicycle. Indicate in your sketch how the design meets the specifications for portability and safety.

Answer: A foldable frame with clearly marked hinge points, compact folded size, and safety features such as locking mechanisms to prevent accidental folding during use. Labels should include the folding joints and safety locks.

Question 8: Explain the importance of tolerances in setting specifications for manufacturing a product. Provide an example related to the production of a cup.

Answer: Tolerances specify acceptable limits of variation in dimensions, ensuring parts fit together properly without being too loose or tight. For a cup, this could mean a diameter of 8cm ± 0.2cm to ensure it fits standard cup holders while maintaining strength.

Question 9: Create a brief design brief for a new backpack aimed at students. Include at least five key specifications and the reasons for choosing them.

Answer: Specifications should include: capacity (e.g., 20 litres, to hold books and supplies), weight (lightweight for comfort), number of compartments (multiple for organization), material (durable and water-resistant), and ergonomic straps (for comfort during extended use).