Question 1: Define what a product specification is and explain why it is important in the design process.

Answer: A product specification is a detailed document that outlines the requirements and constraints for a product, including its features, size, materials, and performance. It is important because it guides the design process, ensures the product meets user needs, and helps communicate expectations to manufacturers.

Question 2: Imagine you are designing a new school bag for students. List five key specifications you would include in your design brief.

Answer: 1. The bag should be able to carry at least 10 kilograms. 2. It should have adjustable straps for comfort. 3. It must include multiple compartments for organisation. 4. The material should be water-resistant. 5. The bag should be lightweight.

Question 3: Describe how user needs influence the specifications of a product. Give an example based on a water bottle.

Answer: User needs determine what features and constraints are necessary in a product. For example, if users want a portable water bottle, specifications might include a leak-proof lid, a size that fits in a bag, and a material that keeps drinks cold.

Question 4: Sketch a simple diagram of a safe and ergonomic handle for a kitchen utensil. Label at least three features that make it ergonomic and safe.

Answer: A correct sketch should show a handle with a comfortable grip, possibly curved for hand fit, made of non-slip material, and with a secure attachment to the utensil. Labels might include 'curved grip,' 'non-slip surface,' and 'secure connection.'

Question 5: Identify three potential constraints that might affect the design of a new mobile phone case.

Answer: Material durability, weight of the case, and cost of production.

Question 6: Create a list of at least four measurable criteria that could be used to test a new chair design aimed at comfort.

Answer: 1. Duration of comfort during 30-minute use. 2. Pressure distribution across the seat and back. 3. Ease of getting in and out of the chair. 4. Supportiveness of the backrest measured by user feedback.

Question 7: Design a brief for a reusable shopping bag aimed at teenagers. Include at least three specifications that cater to their needs.

Answer: The shopping bag should be made from lightweight yet durable material, have a fun and stylish design, and be foldable for easy storage. It should also be large enough to carry at least 5 kilograms.

Question 8: Explain the difference between a technical specification and a user specification. Why are both important?

Answer: A user specification describes what the user needs and wants from a product, such as size or appearance. A technical specification details the technical requirements, like materials and manufacturing processes. Both are important because they ensure the product meets user expectations and is feasible to produce.

Question 9: Sketch a simple plan view of a compact, foldable bicycle lock. Indicate how it can be folded or stored when not in use.

Answer: A correct sketch should show a lock with a hinge or folding mechanism, allowing it to fold into a smaller size. The plan view should demonstrate the lock in both extended and folded positions, with labels indicating the moving parts.

Question 10: Identify two ways in which environmental considerations can influence design specifications.

Answer: Specifications might include using recyclable or biodegradable materials, and designing for energy efficiency or low waste during manufacturing.