Question 1: Explain the difference between rigid and flexible materials. Provide one example of each and describe a product where each type might be used.

Answer: Rigid materials do not bend easily and maintain their shape; an example is plastic. Flexible materials can bend or stretch; an example is rubber. Rigid materials could be used for a chair frame, while flexible materials might be used for a rubber band.

Question 2: Describe the properties of a material that would make it suitable for use in a kitchen utensil, such as a spatula.

Answer: The material should be heat resistant, durable, non-reactive with food, and easy to clean. It should also be lightweight and have a non-slip handle.

Question 3: Identify a material that is strong, lightweight, and corrosion-resistant. Suggest a product that would benefit from these properties.

Answer: Aluminium is strong, lightweight, and corrosion-resistant. A bicycle frame or aircraft body would benefit from these properties.

Question 4: Draw a simple sketch of a product that requires both a rigid outer shell and a soft, cushioning interior. Label the two materials in your drawing.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a cross-section of a helmet: the outer shell is rigid, drawn as a solid outer layer, and the interior is soft and cushioned, represented with a textured or fluffy interior. Labels should clearly indicate 'Rigid outer shell' and 'Soft cushioning interior'.

Question 5: Design a protective case for a smartphone. Describe the choice of materials you would use and explain why they are suitable.

Answer: A suitable material could be silicone or rubber for shock absorption and flexibility, combined with a hard plastic for rigidity and protection against impacts. These materials protect the phone from drops and scratches.

Question 6: Sketch a plan for a lightweight, eco-friendly shopping bag. Indicate the materials you would choose and justify your selections.

Answer: A sketch should show a bag made from recyclable fabric or paper, with handles. Labels should indicate 'Recycled fabric' or 'Biodegradable paper' and justify that these materials are environmentally friendly and suitable for carrying groceries.

Question 7: A company wants to produce a durable and weather-resistant outdoor bench. Which material might they choose? List two options and explain their advantages.

Answer: Options include treated timber, which is durable and can withstand weather, and metal, such as galvanized steel, which is corrosion-resistant. Both are strong and suitable for outdoor use.

Question 8: Explain how the properties of glass make it suitable for use in windows. Mention at least two properties and their benefits.

Answer: Glass is transparent, allowing light to pass through, and it can be made strong and durable, providing safety and weather resistance for windows.

Question 9: Design a new product that uses biodegradable materials. Describe the product and the materials you would choose.

Answer: A compostable food container made from biodegradable plant-based plastics or cardboard. These materials break down naturally in the environment, reducing waste.

Question 10: Identify a material that is both lightweight and conductive. Suggest a product that could use this material and explain why.

Answer: Aluminium is lightweight and conductive. It could be used in heat sinks or electrical enclosures where good conductivity and low weight are important.