Question 1: Describe the main characteristics of a child with secure attachment.

Answer: A child with secure attachment feels safe when their caregiver is nearby, shows distress when separated, and seeks comfort upon reunion. They are generally confident and comfortable exploring their environment.

Question 2: Explain what is meant by 'insecure attachment' and name two types of insecure attachment.

Answer: Insecure attachment refers to a less healthy emotional bond between a child and caregiver, often leading to difficulties in trusting or forming close relationships. Two types are avoidant attachment and anxious-ambivalent attachment.

Question 3: Compare the behaviors of a child with avoidant attachment to one with anxious-ambivalent attachment.

Answer: A child with avoidant attachment tends to avoid or ignore their caregiver and does not seek comfort easily. In contrast, a child with anxious-ambivalent attachment may become very distressed when separated and is often unsure if the caregiver will return, leading to clingy or anxious behaviors.

Question 4: Why might a child develop an insecure attachment style? Provide two possible reasons.

Answer: Possible reasons include inconsistent responses from the caregiver, such as sometimes being attentive and other times neglectful, or early experiences of neglect or trauma that prevent the child from trusting others.

Question 5: Describe a scenario that demonstrates a child with secure attachment.

Answer: A child plays happily in the playground but looks around for their caregiver. When called, they happily go to the caregiver and feel comforted when held, then return to playing confidently.

Question 6: Draw a simple diagram that illustrates the difference between secure and insecure attachment styles. Label the main features of each.

Answer: A correct sketch would show two figures representing a child and a caregiver. For secure attachment, the lines between them are connected, indicating a strong bond, with the child shown exploring freely. For insecure attachment, the lines are weak or broken, and the child’s body language indicates distress or avoidance.

Question 7: What impact can insecure attachment have on a child's future relationships?

Answer: Children with insecure attachment may find it difficult to trust others, experience difficulties forming close relationships, or may be more prone to anxiety and emotional problems later in life.

Question 8: Identify one method a parent or caregiver can use to promote secure attachment with their child.

Answer: Consistently responding to the child's needs and showing warmth and responsiveness helps foster secure attachment.

Question 9: Explain how early attachment experiences can influence a person's adult relationships.

Answer: Early attachment experiences shape expectations about relationships. For example, children with secure attachments are more likely to trust and form healthy, stable adult relationships, while those with insecure attachments may struggle with trust or intimacy.

Question 10: Sketch a simple chart comparing the three main attachment styles: secure, avoidant, and anxious-ambivalent. Label key behaviors for each style.

Answer: A chart with three columns, each representing one attachment style. Under each, list behaviors: 'Explores freely' for secure; 'Avoids closeness' for avoidant; 'Clings and is anxious' for anxious-ambivalent.