Question 1: Define brain plasticity in your own words.

Answer: Brain plasticity is the brain's ability to change and adapt as a result of experience, learning, or injury.

Question 2: Describe two ways in which brain plasticity can occur.

Answer: Brain plasticity can occur through the formation of new neural connections and the strengthening of existing connections, often as a result of learning or practice.

Question 3: Explain how brain plasticity can help a person recover after a stroke.

Answer: After a stroke, brain plasticity allows other parts of the brain to adapt and take over functions previously managed by the damaged area, aiding recovery.

Question 4: Identify and explain one example of how environmental factors can influence brain plasticity.

Answer: Environmental enrichment, such as engaging in complex activities or learning new skills, can promote neural growth and strengthen brain pathways.

Question 5: Sketch a simple diagram showing how neural connections might change in response to learning a new skill.

Answer: A correct sketch would show two neurons with few connections initially, and after learning, more connections (synapses) between neurons, indicating increased neural activity and plasticity.

Question 6: Discuss one research study or experiment that provides evidence for brain plasticity.

Answer: One example is the study by Maguire et al. (2000), which found that London taxi drivers had increased grey matter volume in the hippocampus, suggesting the brain adapts to spatial navigation demands.

Question 7: Explain why brain plasticity might decrease with age.

Answer: Brain plasticity might decrease with age because the brain's neurons become less adaptable, and the formation of new connections slows down over time.

Question 8: Describe a scenario where brain plasticity could lead to negative outcomes.

Answer: In cases of chronic pain, brain plasticity might cause the brain to amplify pain responses, leading to increased sensitivity and chronic discomfort.

Question 9: Identify two factors that can enhance brain plasticity in individuals.

Answer: Engaging in continuous learning and maintaining a healthy, stimulating environment can enhance brain plasticity.

Question 10: Reflect on how understanding brain plasticity can influence approaches to education and rehabilitation.

Answer: Understanding brain plasticity suggests that the brain remains capable of change throughout life, so educational methods can be tailored to promote learning at any age, and rehabilitation can focus on stimulating neural growth after injury.