Question 1: What is the purpose of collecting data in a psychology experiment?

Answer: The purpose of collecting data is to find out whether the hypothesis is supported or not by observing and measuring participants' responses.

Question 2: Explain the difference between qualitative and quantitative data with an example of each.

Answer: Quantitative data involves numerical information, such as test scores. Qualitative data involves descriptive information, such as participants' opinions or feelings.

Question 3: A psychologist observes that students who sleep more tend to perform better on tests. What type of data has the psychologist collected?

Answer: Quantitative data, because it involves numerical information about sleep hours and test scores.

Question 4: Describe what a scatter graph might look like if it shows a positive correlation between hours studied and exam scores.

Answer: The points on the scatter graph would slope upwards from left to right, indicating that as hours studied increase, exam scores tend to increase as well.

Question 5: Explain why it is important for a psychologist to analyze data carefully before drawing conclusions.

Answer: Careful analysis prevents errors, helps identify patterns or relationships, and ensures the conclusions are based on evidence rather than assumptions.

Question 6: A researcher finds that students who take a new study method perform slightly better on tests than those who do not. The difference is small. What might this suggest about the effectiveness of the new method?

Answer: It might suggest that the new study method has a small or uncertain effect, and more research may be needed to confirm its effectiveness.

Question 7: Draw a bar chart that shows the number of students who prefer three different types of relaxation activities: listening to music (10 students), reading (7 students), and playing sports (8 students).

Answer: A bar chart with three bars, each labeled with the activity. The first bar reaches up to 10 on the vertical axis, the second up to 7, and the third up to 8. The bars should be evenly spaced and clearly labeled.

Question 8: What is the purpose of using a control group in an experiment?

Answer: A control group is used to compare against the experimental group to see if the change is caused by the variable being tested.

Question 9: Sketch a simple line graph showing the hypothetical relationship between the amount of practice and skill level, where skill improves quickly at first but then levels off.

Answer: A line starting at the bottom left, rising steeply at first, then gradually leveling off as it moves to the right, illustrating a rapid initial increase followed by a plateau.

Question 10: Why is it important for psychologists to use a large sample size in their research?

Answer: Using a large sample size makes the results more reliable and representative of the wider population, reducing the chance of errors.