Question 1: Define the term 'forgetting' in the context of memory.

Answer: Forgetting is the inability to recall or recognize information that was previously stored in memory.

Question 2: Name one explanation for forgetting that involves the loss of memory over time.

Answer: Decay theory or fading over time.

Question 3: Describe how interference can cause forgetting. Use your own words.

Answer: Interference occurs when other memories interfere with the ability to recall a specific piece of information, often because similar memories compete with each other.

Question 4: Provide an example scenario where retroactive interference might cause someone to forget previously learned information.

Answer: A student studying a new language might forget some vocabulary they learned earlier because learning new words interferes with old ones.

Question 5: Explain what is meant by 'retrieval failure' as an explanation for forgetting.

Answer: Retrieval failure occurs when the memory is stored but cannot be accessed at the time of recall due to a lack of appropriate cues.

Question 6: Describe how the context in which information was learned can affect forgetting, according to the context-dependent forgetting explanation.

Answer: If the external environment or context during recall is different from the learning environment, it can make it harder to retrieve the memory, leading to forgetting.

Question 7: Imagine you are asked to remember a list of words. After some time, you find it difficult to recall them. Which explanation for forgetting might best describe this situation, and why?

Answer: Decay theory might best explain this because over time, the strength of the memory trace weakens, making recall difficult.

Question 8: Draw a simple diagram showing the process of how interference might cause forgetting. Include labels for the key components.

Answer: A correct sketch would include two or more similar memories (e.g., two lists of words), with arrows indicating interference where one memory disrupts the retrieval of the other, labeled as 'interference'.

Question 9: Sketch a diagram illustrating retrieval failure due to lack of cues. The diagram should show stored information and an attempt to retrieve it without proper cues.

Answer: A correct sketch would depict a memory storage box, an arrow representing attempted retrieval, and a note indicating 'lack of cues' preventing access.

Question 10: Why is it important to understand different explanations for forgetting in psychology?

Answer: Understanding different explanations helps psychologists develop better ways to improve memory, assist in education, and treat memory-related problems.