Question 1: Define episodic memory and give an example of a personal experience that would be stored as this type of memory.

Answer: Episodic memory is the ability to recall specific events or experiences from one's personal past. Example: Remembering the details of your last birthday party.

Question 2: Explain the difference between semantic and episodic memory.

Answer: Semantic memory involves general knowledge about the world, such as facts and concepts, while episodic memory involves recalling specific personal experiences and events.

Question 3: Identify which type of long-term memory is being described: 'Memory of how to perform tasks such as riding a bike or playing the piano.'

Answer: Procedural memory

Question 4: Describe a scenario that would involve semantic memory.

Answer: Recalling the capital city of France as Paris or knowing that water boils at 100°C.

Question 5: Which type of long-term memory is most likely to be affected in someone with amnesia: semantic, episodic, or procedural? Explain your answer.

Answer: Episodic memory is most likely to be affected, as amnesia often impairs the ability to recall personal experiences, while semantic and procedural memories are often preserved.

Question 6: Draw a simple diagram to illustrate the relationship between the three main types of long-term memory: semantic, episodic, and procedural. Ensure your diagram shows how they are related but distinct.

Answer: A Venn diagram with three overlapping circles labeled 'Semantic Memory,' 'Episodic Memory,' and 'Procedural Memory.' The overlaps indicate shared features, but each circle remains distinct. The diagram should clearly show the separation of the three types.

Question 7: Name and briefly describe one technique used to improve the retention of long-term memories.

Answer: Elaborative rehearsal involves associating new information with existing knowledge to deepen understanding and improve long-term retention.

Question 8: Explain why procedural memories are often preserved in individuals with severe amnesia.

Answer: Procedural memories are stored in different brain areas, such as the basal ganglia and cerebellum, which are less affected by amnesia, allowing these skills to remain even when episodic and semantic memories are impaired.

Question 9: Suggest one real-life example of how understanding the different types of long-term memory can help in designing effective learning strategies.

Answer: Knowing that procedural memory is involved in skills like typing can lead to practice-based learning, while understanding that semantic memory involves facts can inform the use of repetition and mnemonics to enhance memory retention.