Question 1: What is the main function of the endocrine system in the human body?

Answer: The endocrine system produces hormones that regulate various bodily functions and influence behavior.

Question 2: Name three glands that are part of the endocrine system.

Answer: Pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands.

Question 3: Describe how adrenaline affects the body during a stressful situation.

Answer: Adrenaline increases heart rate, boosts energy supplies, and prepares the body for 'fight or flight' by increasing blood flow and alertness.

Question 4: Explain the role of the pituitary gland in regulating other endocrine glands.

Answer: The pituitary gland releases hormones that stimulate other endocrine glands to produce their hormones, acting as the 'master gland'.

Question 5: Imagine a person feels very anxious before an exam. Which hormone is likely to be involved, and what effect does it have?

Answer: Adrenaline; it increases alertness and prepares the body to respond to stress.

Question 6: Identify one hormone produced by the thyroid gland and describe its effect on the body.

Answer: Thyroxine; it regulates metabolism and energy levels.

Question 7: Describe a situation where the endocrine system helps regulate mood or emotion.

Answer: During stress, the adrenal glands release cortisol, which helps the body manage stress but can affect mood if levels are high for a long time.

Question 8: Draw a simple diagram illustrating the endocrine system, including at least three glands and the hormones they produce. Use the large blank space provided.

Answer: A correct sketch would include a basic outline of the body with labeled glands such as the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, and adrenal glands, with arrows indicating hormones produced (e.g., growth hormone, thyroxine, adrenaline).

Question 9: What is the difference between hormones and neurotransmitters?

Answer: Hormones are chemical messengers released into the bloodstream that affect organs and tissues, while neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals across synapses in the nervous system.

Question 10: Explain why the endocrine system is important for understanding human behavior in psychology.

Answer: Because hormones influence mood, stress, and behavior, understanding the endocrine system helps explain how biological factors affect psychological processes.