Question 1: Define the term 'localisation of function' in the context of biopsychology.

Answer: Localisation of function refers to the idea that specific areas of the brain are responsible for particular psychological functions or behaviours.

Question 2: Name two brain areas involved in language processing and briefly describe their roles.

Answer: Broca's area, responsible for speech production, and Wernicke's area, involved in language comprehension.

Question 3: Explain how damage to the hippocampus can affect memory.

Answer: Damage to the hippocampus can impair the ability to form new memories, leading to conditions such as amnesia.

Question 4: Describe a method that psychologists might use to study the functions of different brain areas.

Answer: Psychologists might use brain imaging techniques such as MRI scans or functional MRI (fMRI) to observe active brain areas during specific tasks.

Question 5: Draw a simple outline of the human brain and label the following areas: frontal lobe, occipital lobe, temporal lobe, and parietal lobe. Indicate their general locations.

Answer: A large oval shape divided into four sections: the front section labeled 'frontal lobe', the back section labeled 'occipital lobe', the side sections labeled 'temporal lobe', and the top section labeled 'parietal lobe'.

Question 6: Identify one strength and one limitation of localisation of function theory.

Answer: Strength: It helps to understand how specific brain injuries affect behaviour. Limitation: It can oversimplify brain functions, ignoring the brain's interconnected nature.

Question 7: Describe a case study or example where damage to a specific brain area affected a psychological function.

Answer: The case of Phineas Gage, who suffered damage to his frontal lobe, resulting in personality changes and impaired decision-making.

Question 8: Explain why the localisation of function might be important for medical treatment of brain injuries.

Answer: Knowing which areas are affected allows for targeted treatments and interventions, potentially improving recovery outcomes.

Question 9: Sketch a simple diagram of the brain highlighting the location of the cerebellum and its primary function.

Answer: A sketch showing the cerebellum at the back of the brain, with an annotation indicating its role in coordination and balance.