Question 1: Define episodic memory and give an example of a personal event that would be stored in this type of memory.

Answer: Episodic memory is a type of long-term memory that stores personal experiences and specific events, including context such as time and place. Example: Remembering your last birthday party, including who was there and what you did.

Question 2: Describe the main difference between semantic memory and episodic memory.

Answer: Semantic memory stores general knowledge and facts about the world, while episodic memory stores personal experiences and specific events.

Question 3: Identify which type of long-term memory is likely involved when a person recalls the capital city of France, and explain why.

Answer: Semantic memory is involved because recalling the capital city of France (Paris) is a fact-based memory that does not involve personal experience.

Question 4: Explain how procedural memory differs from episodic memory in terms of the type of information stored and how it is accessed.

Answer: Procedural memory stores skills and actions, such as riding a bike or typing on a keyboard, and is accessed unconsciously through performance. Episodic memory involves conscious recall of personal experiences.

Question 5: List two examples of activities or tasks that rely heavily on procedural memory.

Answer: Examples include riding a bicycle and playing a musical instrument.

Question 6: Describe what a person would be doing if they are using their semantic memory during a history quiz.

Answer: The person would be recalling factual information, such as dates, events, and names related to history, stored in their semantic memory.

Question 7: Draw a simple diagram to illustrate the relationship between the three main types of long-term memory: episodic, semantic, and procedural. Label each part clearly.

Answer: A Venn diagram or a hierarchical structure showing three circles or boxes labeled 'Episodic Memory,' 'Semantic Memory,' and 'Procedural Memory,' with clear labels. The diagram should indicate that they are distinct but all form part of long-term memory.

Question 8: Explain why procedural memories are often retained even after other types of memories are lost, such as in cases of amnesia.

Answer: Procedural memories are stored in different parts of the brain (such as the cerebellum and basal ganglia) and are often accessed unconsciously, making them more resistant to loss in cases of amnesia.

Question 9: Suggest two ways in which knowing about the different types of long-term memory can help in designing effective learning strategies.

Answer: Understanding these types can help tailor teaching methods, such as using practical activities to enhance procedural memory, or providing context-rich experiences to strengthen episodic memory. It can also encourage the use of factual recall techniques for semantic memory.

Question 10: Describe a scenario in which a person might have difficulty recalling episodic memories but can still perform tasks that rely on procedural memory.

Answer: A person with amnesia might forget personal events from their life (episodic memory) but still be able to ride a bike or play an instrument, demonstrating intact procedural memory.