Question 1: What is a neurotransmitter?

Answer: A chemical messenger that transmits signals across a synapse from one neuron to another.

Question 2: Name one neurotransmitter that is associated with feeling happy and relaxed.

Answer: Serotonin.

Question 3: What effect does dopamine have on behavior?

Answer: Dopamine is linked to feelings of pleasure and reward, and it can motivate someone to repeat certain actions.

Question 4: Describe how a lack of serotonin might affect a person's mood.

Answer: A lack of serotonin can lead to feelings of sadness, depression, or low mood.

Question 5: Explain what might happen if there is an excess of adrenaline in the body.

Answer: An excess of adrenaline can cause feelings of nervousness, rapid heartbeat, and increased energy, often associated with stress or danger.

Question 6: Sketch a simple diagram of two neurons communicating. Label the parts involved in transmitting a message.

Answer: The sketch should include two neurons with a synapse between them, showing the dendrite of the receiving neuron, the synaptic gap, and the terminal button of the sending neuron. Labels should include 'dendrite', 'axon terminal', 'synapse', and 'neurotransmitter' (if indicated).

Question 7: Describe the process of neurotransmission in your own words.

Answer: Neurotransmission is the process where chemical messengers called neurotransmitters are released from the end of one neuron into the synapse, then bind to receptors on the next neuron, allowing the signal to continue.

Question 8: Identify which neurotransmitter is most likely involved when a person feels anxious or stressed.

Answer: GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid) is involved in reducing anxiety and calming the nervous system.

Question 9: Explain why neurotransmitters are important for brain function.

Answer: Neurotransmitters are important because they allow neurons to communicate quickly and efficiently, which is essential for thinking, feeling, and controlling body functions.