Question 1: Define the cognitive approach in Psychology in your own words.

Answer: The cognitive approach studies how mental processes such as thinking, memory, perception, and problem-solving influence behaviour.

Question 2: Identify two mental processes that the cognitive approach focuses on.

Answer: Memory and perception.

Question 3: Describe a real-life scenario where the cognitive approach could explain someone's behaviour.

Answer: A student forgetting their homework could be explained by the cognitive approach as a failure in memory encoding or retrieval.

Question 4: Explain the concept of 'schemas' within the cognitive approach.

Answer: Schemas are mental structures that help organize knowledge and interpret information based on past experiences.

Question 5: Describe how the cognitive approach might explain why people make mistakes when solving puzzles.

Answer: People may rely on mental shortcuts or schemas that lead to errors, or they might have limitations in processing information efficiently.

Question 6: Compare the cognitive approach with the behaviourist approach in terms of focus.

Answer: The cognitive approach focuses on mental processes like memory and thinking, whereas the behaviourist approach concentrates on observable behaviours and external stimuli.

Question 7: Draw a flowchart illustrating how information is processed from perception to decision-making in the cognitive approach.

Answer: A correct flowchart would include stages such as perception, attention, encoding, storage (memory), retrieval, and decision-making, connected with arrows showing the process flow.

Question 8: Suggest two methods psychologists might use to study mental processes in the cognitive approach.

Answer: Experiments measuring reaction times and brain imaging techniques like fMRI.

Question 9: Explain why the cognitive approach is considered scientific.

Answer: Because it uses controlled experiments and measurable data to study mental processes.

Question 10: Identify one strength and one limitation of the cognitive approach.

Answer: Strength: It provides a detailed understanding of mental processes. Limitation: It relies heavily on indirect measures, which may not fully capture internal thoughts.

Question 11: Sketch a diagram showing how mental processes like perception, memory, and problem-solving are interconnected within the cognitive approach.

Answer: A diagram with circles or boxes labeled 'Perception,' 'Memory,' and 'Problem-Solving,' connected with arrows indicating flow and interaction, illustrating interdependence.