Question 1: Describe the process of weaving and explain how it creates fabric. Mention the roles of the warp and weft threads.

Answer: Weaving is a process where two sets of threads, the warp (longitudinal) and weft (horizontal), are interlaced at right angles. The warp threads are stretched on a loom, and the weft threads are passed over and under the warp to create fabric. This interlacing provides strength and stability to the fabric.

Question 2: List three common methods used to construct fabrics and briefly describe each one.

Answer: 1. Weaving: Interlacing warp and weft threads on a loom. 2. Knitting: Interlocking loops of yarn using needles to create stretchable fabric. 3. Non-woven: Bonding fibers together through felting, bonding, or entangling without weaving or knitting.

Question 3: Explain the difference between woven and knitted fabrics in terms of their construction and typical uses.

Answer: Woven fabrics are made by interlacing two sets of yarns at right angles, resulting in a stable, less stretchy fabric used for shirts, trousers, and upholstery. Knitted fabrics are created by looping yarns together, making them stretchy and comfortable, ideal for T-shirts, socks, and activewear.

Question 4: Sketch a simple diagram showing the basic structure of a woven fabric from a top-down view. Label the warp and weft threads.

Answer: A correct sketch would show parallel vertical lines (warp threads) and horizontal lines (weft threads) crossing over and under the warp, forming a grid pattern.

Question 5: Describe how a non-woven fabric is produced and give two examples of products made from non-woven fabrics.

Answer: Non-woven fabrics are made by bonding fibers together through methods such as felting, adhesives, or heat bonding, without weaving or knitting. Examples include medical masks and disposable cleaning wipes.

Question 6: Identify and explain two advantages of woven fabrics over knitted fabrics.

Answer: 1. Woven fabrics tend to be more stable and less stretchy, making them suitable for structured garments. 2. They are often more durable and resistant to wear and tear.

Question 7: Draw a simple cross-section of a knitted fabric, showing the interlocking loops. Label the 'loop' and 'stitch'.

Answer: A correct sketch would depict a series of interlocking loops in a vertical column, each loop overlapping the previous one, with labels indicating 'loop' and 'stitch'.

Question 8: Explain why some fabrics are constructed using a combination of methods, such as woven and knitted layers. Provide a possible reason for this approach.

Answer: Combining methods allows manufacturers to create fabrics with specific properties, such as combining the strength of woven layers with the stretch of knitted layers for enhanced comfort and durability in performance wear.

Question 9: Identify the main difference between a plain weave and a twill weave. How does this difference affect the fabric's appearance and durability?

Answer: Plain weave involves a simple over-under interlacing pattern, resulting in a flat, uniform surface. Twill weave has a diagonal pattern created by offsetting the crossing points, making the fabric more durable and giving it a distinct diagonal appearance.

Question 10: Describe the function of a 'selvage' in woven fabrics and why it is important during fabric production.

Answer: A selvage is the tightly woven edge of a fabric that prevents fraying. It is important because it provides a stable edge for sewing and minimizes fabric unraveling during handling and construction.