Question 1: Describe the process of weaving fabric. Include the main components involved and how the threads are interlaced.

Answer: Weaving involves interlacing two sets of threads: the warp (longitudinal threads) and the weft (horizontal threads). The warp threads are held taut on a loom, and the weft threads are passed over and under the warp threads in a regular pattern to create fabric.

Question 2: Explain the difference between woven and knitted fabrics in terms of their construction and stretch properties.

Answer: Woven fabrics are made by interlacing two sets of threads at right angles, resulting in a stable, less stretchy fabric. Knitted fabrics are created by interlooping yarns in a series of connected loops, making them more elastic and stretchable.

Question 3: List three advantages and two disadvantages of using knitted fabrics in clothing.

Answer: Advantages: 1. High elasticity, providing comfort. 2. Good for fitted garments. 3. Resistant to tearing. Disadvantages: 1. Prone to snagging. 2. Less stable shape over time.

Question 4: Sketch a simple diagram showing the difference between woven and knitted fabric structures. Use the space below.

Answer: A correct sketch for woven fabric should show a grid pattern with perpendicular lines representing warp and weft threads. A knitted fabric sketch should depict interlocking loops forming a series of interconnected 'U' shapes.

Question 5: Identify and describe two common finishing techniques used to improve the appearance or performance of woven fabrics.

Answer: Two common techniques are: 1. Calendaring – passing fabric through rollers to produce a smooth, glossy surface. 2. Mercerisation – treating cotton with caustic soda to increase luster, strength, and dye affinity.

Question 6: Imagine you are designing a fabric for activewear. Would you choose woven or knitted fabric? Justify your choice based on construction and properties.

Answer: I would choose knitted fabric because it is more stretchable and flexible, providing comfort and freedom of movement, which are essential for activewear. Its elasticity also helps in maintaining the shape during physical activity.

Question 7: Describe how the process of felting differs from weaving or knitting, and mention one fabric that is commonly felted.

Answer: Felting involves matting and pressing wool fibers together using heat, moisture, and agitation, causing the fibers to interlock and form a dense fabric. Unlike weaving or knitting, no threads or loops are involved. Wool felt is a common felted fabric.

Question 8: Draw a basic schematic of a fabric made by looping yarns in a pile. Indicate the pile surface and the base fabric structure.

Answer: A correct schematic should show a base fabric with vertical and horizontal yarns, and a pile surface created by additional yarns looped or cut to form a raised surface. The pile surface should be illustrated as a series of loops or cut ends protruding from the base.

Question 9: What is the main difference between non-woven and woven fabrics in terms of their construction? Provide an example of each.

Answer: Non-woven fabrics are made by bonding fibers together through heat, adhesive, or mechanical entanglement, without weaving or knitting (e.g., felt, interfacing). Woven fabrics are created by interlacing yarns or threads in a structured pattern (e.g., cotton fabric, denim).

Question 10: Explain the term 'grain' in woven fabrics and why it is important when cutting fabric for a project.

Answer: The 'grain' refers to the direction of the threads in the fabric, typically the warp and weft. It is important because cutting along the grain ensures the fabric maintains its shape and drape correctly, preventing distortion or stretching of the finished product.