Question 1: Describe how pleating fabric can change its appearance and structure. Include at least two different types of pleats in your answer.

Answer: Pleating involves folding fabric into patterns that are then pressed or stitched to hold the shape. Accordion pleats are sharp, evenly spaced folds that create a structured, rhythmic appearance. Box pleats are folds that face in opposite directions, forming a rectangular fold that adds volume and a tailored look.

Question 2: Explain the purpose of gathering fabric and describe a scenario where this technique might be used.

Answer: Gathering involves sewing multiple rows of stitches and pulling the threads to create ruffles or a textured, expanded surface. It is often used in creating ruffles on skirts or adding fullness to sleeves.

Question 3: Identify two shaping techniques that involve manipulating fabric by stretching or pulling. Explain how each technique is performed.

Answer: One technique is 'shirring', where rows of elastic thread are sewn into fabric to gather and stretch the material. Another is 'smocking', where stitches are sewn in decorative patterns to gather fabric and add elasticity.

Question 4: Sketch a simple design for a fabric that has been shaped using darting techniques. Label the darts in your sketch.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a piece of fabric with darts sewn along the bust and waist areas, shaping the fabric to fit a curved surface like a torso. The darts should be triangular or diamond-shaped, pointing towards the bust or waist.

Question 5: Explain how fabric can be manipulated to create three-dimensional shapes, giving an example of a project that might require this technique.

Answer: Fabric can be manipulated by techniques like stuffing, tacking, or draping to form three-dimensional shapes. For example, creating a fabric sculpture or stuffed toy involves shaping and securing the fabric into three-dimensional forms.

Question 6: Describe the process and purpose of tacking in shaping fabric.

Answer: Tacking involves sewing temporary stitches to hold fabric in a desired shape or position. It is used to experiment with or secure fabric folds, pleats, or gathers before permanent stitching.

Question 7: Sketch a conceptual design showing how fabric can be manipulated to create a ruffled effect on the edge of a garment. Leave a large blank space for your drawing.

Answer: A correct sketch would display a straight edge of fabric with multiple curved or wavy ruffles along the edge, showing the gathered fabric that creates a textured, decorative border.

Question 8: Discuss the advantages of using fabric manipulation techniques such as pleating, gathering, and darting in fashion design.

Answer: These techniques add visual interest, texture, and shape to garments, allowing for better fit and aesthetic appeal. They can also create volume or structure without adding extra weight or fabric.

Question 9: Identify a shaping technique suitable for creating a fitted bodice on a dress and explain how it is applied.

Answer: Darting is suitable for fitted bodices. Darts are sewn into the fabric along the bust, waist, or back to contour the fabric to the body's curves, providing a tailored fit.

Question 10: Describe how fabric can be manipulated to create a sculptural effect, and suggest a project where this might be used.

Answer: Fabric can be manipulated through techniques like gathering, tacking, and layering to create three-dimensional, artistic shapes. An example project is designing a fabric wall sculpture or a fashion piece with exaggerated, sculptural features.