Question 1: Describe the difference between hatching and cross-hatching as shading techniques. Include when you might use each method.

Answer: Hatching involves drawing parallel lines to create shading, while cross-hatching involves overlapping sets of parallel lines at an angle. Hatching is used for simple shading, and cross-hatching provides darker tones and texture.

Question 2: Sketch a simple still life arrangement of three objects (e.g., a cup, a book, and an apple). Use shading to show light and shadow.

Answer: A correct sketch would include three distinct objects, with shading indicating the light source, creating shadows and highlights to add depth.

Question 3: Explain how contour drawing helps improve observation skills. Provide a brief step-by-step method.

Answer: Contour drawing involves drawing the outline of an object without looking at the paper, focusing on the edges and details. It improves observation by training the eye to notice fine details and spatial relationships.

Question 4: Identify and describe two different blending techniques used in drawing to create smooth shading.

Answer: One technique is using a blending stump or tortillon to smudge pencil marks smoothly. Another is carefully layering and gradually building up graphite with light pressure for a seamless transition.

Question 5: Draw a pattern of your choice (e.g., geometric shapes or organic lines) in the space provided. Use different line weights to add interest.

Answer: A successful sketch would feature a variety of lines—thick, thin, curved, and straight—arranged in an interesting pattern, demonstrating control over line weight.

Question 6: Sketch a design for an ergonomic handle for a tool or utensil. Consider how the shape fits comfortably in the hand.

Answer: The design should show a handle that is curved or contoured to fit the hand, with smooth edges, appropriate thickness, and possibly textured areas for grip.

Question 7: Describe the difference between stippling and scribbling as shading techniques. When might each be used?

Answer: Stippling involves making many small dots to build up shading and texture, useful for detailed work. Scribbling uses quick, overlapping lines for rapid shading, suitable for expressive or rough textures.

Question 8: Draw a simple landscape scene showing a horizon line, a tree, and a sun. Include shading to suggest light direction.

Answer: A correct drawing includes a horizontal horizon line, a tree with shading to indicate shadow, and a sun positioned to suggest the light source, with shading consistent with the light direction.

Question 9: Explain how using different line qualities (e.g., thick, thin, broken) can add emphasis or texture to a drawing.

Answer: Varying line qualities can highlight certain areas, create texture, or suggest movement. Thicker lines can emphasize outlines, thin lines can add delicate details, and broken lines can imply roughness or motion.

Question 10: Sketch a pattern of your choice using only straight lines. Focus on creating symmetry or repetition.

Answer: A successful pattern would display consistent, evenly spaced straight lines arranged in a symmetrical or repetitive manner, demonstrating control and precision.

Question 11: Describe how light and shadow influence the appearance of a drawing. How can you use shading to create the illusion of three dimensions?

Answer: Light and shadow define the form and volume of objects. Proper shading, with highlights and shadows, can make a flat drawing appear three-dimensional by indicating the light source and surface contours.