Question 1: Describe how you would use shading to create the illusion of depth on a spherical object. Include at least two different shading techniques in your answer.

Answer: A student should mention techniques such as smooth gradient shading to show gradual light to dark transitions and hatching or cross-hatching to build darker areas. They should explain how light falls on the sphere, highlighting the highlight and shadow areas.

Question 2: Sketch a basic geometric shape, such as a cube or a cylinder, demonstrating the use of perspective to give a 3D effect. Use light lines for construction and darker lines for final outlines.

Answer: A correct sketch would include construction lines to establish perspective, with the shape accurately proportioned and showing clear vanishing points. The final outline should be bold, with shading to emphasize volume.

Question 3: Identify and describe two different techniques you can use to create texture in your drawings. Provide examples of objects where these textures could be applied.

Answer: Techniques such as stippling (using dots) to create rough textures, and cross-hatching for shading and texture. Examples include stippling for sand or stone, and cross-hatching for wood grain.

Question 4: Draw a simple landscape scene that includes a tree, a hill, and the sky. Use different shading techniques to distinguish between the elements.

Answer: A correct drawing will include a tree with textured leaves, a hill with gradated shading, and a sky that may have clouds or a gradient to indicate light. Different shading techniques should be used to differentiate the elements.

Question 5: Explain how you can use line weight (thick and thin lines) to add emphasis and depth to a drawing. Provide an example of a subject or scene where this technique would be effective.

Answer: Using thicker lines for objects in the foreground and thinner lines for background elements creates depth. For example, in a portrait, the outline of the face could be bold, while details in the background are lighter.

Question 6: Sketch a design for an ergonomic handle for a tool or utensil. Consider comfort and usability in your design.

Answer: A well-executed sketch would show a handle with smooth, rounded contours, possibly with textured grip areas, and a shape that fits comfortably in the hand. Labels may include 'curved grip' and 'non-slip surface.'

Question 7: Describe the difference between contour drawing and shading. How does each technique help in creating a realistic image?

Answer: Contour drawing involves drawing the outline and edges to define the shape, emphasizing the form's boundaries. Shading adds tone and depth, illustrating light and shadow to make the object appear three-dimensional.

Question 8: Sketch a close-up of a leaf, paying attention to veins and surface texture. Use different line techniques to show these details.

Answer: The sketch should include the outline of the leaf, with veins drawn as fine lines branching from the central vein. Texture can be indicated with stippling or cross-hatching to suggest surface detail.

Question 9: Explain how blending techniques can be used to create smooth transitions in shading. Describe two tools or methods that can be used for blending.

Answer: Blending techniques, such as using a blending stump or tissue, help smooth out pencil marks for realistic shading. These methods create seamless gradations from light to dark, enhancing the three-dimensional effect.

Question 10: Draw a simple still life composition that includes at least three objects of different shapes. Use shading to show light source and shadow.

Answer: A correct composition would include objects with varied geometric forms (e.g., a sphere, cube, and cylinder). Shading should indicate the light source direction, with consistent shadow placement and gradation to suggest volume.