Question 1: Describe the difference between blending and scumbling in painting. How does each technique affect the appearance of the artwork?

Answer: Blending involves smoothly merging colors to create a seamless transition, while scumbling involves applying a thin, opaque layer of lighter or darker paint over a dry layer to add texture or depth. Blending results in smooth gradations, whereas scumbling creates a textured, broken effect.

Question 2: Explain the purpose of using a wash in watercolor painting. When might an artist choose to apply a wash?

Answer: A wash is a diluted layer of paint applied over a large area to create a background or base tone. An artist might use a wash to establish colour, set the mood, or prepare a surface for additional details.

Question 3: Identify at least two different brushstroke techniques and describe how each can influence the mood or texture of a painting.

Answer: Broad, sweeping brushstrokes can create a sense of movement or energy, while fine, detailed strokes can add realism or focus. Bold strokes can evoke dynamism, whereas delicate strokes can suggest calmness or intricacy.

Question 4: Describe the effect of using a palette knife instead of a brush when applying paint. What kind of textures or finishes can it produce?

Answer: A palette knife can create thick, textured strokes and rough, impasto effects. It allows for bold, expressive application and can produce sharp edges or layered textures not achievable with brushes.

Question 5: Draw a simple landscape scene using only three colours. Label each colour you choose and explain how you would apply them to create depth.

Answer: A correct sketch would include basic elements like sky, land, and possibly water or trees. The student should label three colours (e.g., blue, green, brown) and describe using lighter shades in the background (e.g., light blue for sky), darker shades in the foreground (e.g., dark green for trees), and blending to create a sense of depth.

Question 6: Sketch an abstract design that demonstrates the use of contrasting colours and different textures. Indicate where you would apply smooth versus rough textures.

Answer: A successful sketch would feature sections with bold contrasting colours (e.g., red and green) and varied textures such as smooth curved areas and rough, stippled regions. The student should clearly mark or suggest areas where textures change.

Question 7: What is glazing in painting? Describe how applying multiple thin layers can alter the colour and transparency of your artwork.

Answer: Glazing involves applying transparent or semi-transparent layers of paint over dry layers to build depth and luminosity. Multiple thin layers can enrich colours, create subtle shifts in tone, and add a glowing effect.

Question 8: Explain how dry brushing can be used to create texture in a painting. What kind of effects might this technique produce?

Answer: Dry brushing involves using a brush with very little paint, dragged lightly across the surface. It creates rough, textured effects, often used to suggest hair, grass, or rough surfaces.

Question 9: Design a pattern using only two colours and different brush techniques to create variety. Sketch your pattern and label where you will use different techniques.

Answer: A successful sketch would show a repeating pattern with sections demonstrating various techniques such as stippling, hatching, or dry brushing. The student should label each section with the technique they plan to use.

Question 10: Discuss the advantages of using a limited colour palette in a painting. How can this approach enhance the overall composition?

Answer: Using a limited palette helps create harmony and unity within the artwork. It simplifies colour choices, emphasizes composition, and can evoke mood or atmosphere more effectively.

Question 11: Identify and explain two common mistakes artists might make when applying washes in watercolor painting and how to avoid them.

Answer: One mistake is overloading the brush, leading to uneven or streaky washes; this can be avoided by using a damp brush and controlled application. Another is letting the wash dry unevenly, causing streaks; this can be prevented by maintaining consistent moisture and working quickly.