Question 1: Define the term 'AI Ethics' and explain why it is important in the development of AI systems.

Answer: AI Ethics refers to the moral principles and guidelines that govern the development and use of artificial intelligence. It is important because it ensures AI is used responsibly, respects human rights, and minimizes harm.

Question 2: List three ethical issues that can arise from the use of AI in everyday life.

Answer: Privacy invasion, bias and discrimination, and job displacement.

Question 3: Describe a scenario where AI could make a decision that raises ethical concerns. Use only verbal description.

Answer: An AI system used in healthcare automatically approves or denies treatment based on data, but it might unfairly deny treatment to certain groups due to biased training data, raising concerns about fairness and discrimination.

Question 4: Complete the truth table for the following logic gates with inputs A and B: | A | B | Output | |---|---|---------| | 0 | 0 | ? | | 0 | 1 | ? | | 1 | 0 | ? | | 1 | 1 | ? |

Answer: OR gate: 0, 1, 1, 1

Question 5: Draw a simple logic circuit using AND, OR, and NOT gates that represents the following statement: 'The system grants access only if the user has a valid ID AND is not on the blacklist.'

Answer: A correct sketch would include two inputs labeled 'Valid ID' and 'Blacklisted.' The 'Valid ID' input connects to an AND gate, while the 'Blacklisted' input connects to a NOT gate, and then to the AND gate. The output from the AND gate is the access decision.

Question 6: Explain two ways AI systems might unintentionally cause bias or unfair treatment.

Answer: AI systems can cause bias if trained on biased data that reflects existing prejudices. They can also unfairly treat groups if the training data lacks diversity or is unrepresentative.

Question 7: Suggest two ways developers can ensure AI systems are ethically responsible.

Answer: By testing AI systems for bias and fairness, and by involving diverse groups in the design and testing phases to identify potential ethical issues early.

Question 8: Describe the ethical considerations involved in using AI for criminal risk assessment.

Answer: Ethical considerations include the risk of reinforcing biases, potential unfair treatment of individuals, privacy concerns, and the importance of transparency and accountability in decision-making processes.

Question 9: Sketch a diagram showing the flow of data in an AI-powered facial recognition system. Label the main components.

Answer: A correct sketch would include components such as 'Image Capture,' 'Data Processing,' 'Feature Extraction,' 'Comparison with Database,' and 'Decision/Output,' with arrows showing data flow.

Question 10: Why is transparency important in AI systems used in decision-making? Give two reasons.

Answer: Transparency allows users to understand how decisions are made, which promotes trust. It also helps identify and correct biases or errors in the system.

Question 11: Identify and explain one ethical challenge related to AI and privacy.

Answer: AI systems often require large amounts of personal data, which raises privacy concerns about data collection, storage, and potential misuse or unauthorized access.