Question 1: Define the term 'AI Ethics' and explain why it is important in the development of artificial intelligence systems.

Answer: AI Ethics refers to the moral principles and guidelines that govern the development and use of artificial intelligence. It is important to ensure AI systems are used responsibly, fairly, and do not harm individuals or society.

Question 2: Describe one potential ethical issue that could arise from the use of facial recognition technology.

Answer: One potential issue is invasion of privacy, where individuals' facial data is collected and used without their consent, potentially leading to misuse or surveillance concerns.

Question 3: Identify and explain two ways AI systems could unintentionally cause harm.

Answer: Firstly, bias in training data can lead to unfair or discriminatory outcomes. Secondly, errors in AI decision-making can result in incorrect or harmful actions, such as misdiagnosis in medical AI.

Question 4: Complete the truth table for a logic gate where the inputs are A and B, and the output is C, with the rule: C is true only when both A and B are true.

Answer: {"headers":["A","B","C"],"truth_table":[{"A":"0","B":"0","C":"0"},{"A":"0","B":"1","C":"0"},{"A":"1","B":"0","C":"0"},{"A":"1","B":"1","C":"1"}]}

Question 5: Draw a logic circuit diagram for a gate where the output is true only when either input A or input B is true, but not both.

Answer: A correct sketch would show an XOR gate with two inputs labeled A and B, and a single output. The XOR gate symbol is a curved line with a plus sign inside, indicating 'exclusive or'.

Question 6: Discuss one ethical concern related to AI making decisions in autonomous vehicles.

Answer: A key concern is the 'trolley problem', where the AI must choose between actions that could harm different groups of people, raising questions about moral responsibility and decision-making authority.

Question 7: Sketch a flowchart representing the decision process an AI might use to determine whether to approve or deny a loan application.

Answer: A flowchart should start with 'Input applicant data', then branch into 'Is credit score above threshold?', leading to 'Approve' if yes, or 'Deny' if no. Additional branches may include checking income, employment status, etc.

Question 8: Explain how bias in training data can affect the ethical use of AI systems.

Answer: Bias in training data can lead to unfair treatment of certain groups, such as discrimination in hiring algorithms or loan approvals, raising ethical concerns about fairness and equality.

Question 9: Identify two measures developers can take to ensure AI systems are ethically responsible.

Answer: Developers can use diverse and representative training data to reduce bias, and implement transparency features to explain how decisions are made by the AI system.

Question 10: Describe a scenario where AI could be used ethically to benefit society.

Answer: An example is using AI in healthcare to assist with diagnoses, helping to identify illnesses early and improve patient outcomes while maintaining patient privacy and consent.