Question 1: Define what is meant by 'AI ethics' in your own words.

Answer: AI ethics refers to the moral principles and guidelines that govern the development and use of artificial intelligence to ensure it benefits society and avoids harm.

Question 2: Describe one potential positive impact of AI on society.

Answer: AI can help improve healthcare by diagnosing diseases more accurately and quickly, leading to better patient treatment.

Question 3: Describe one potential negative impact of AI on society.

Answer: AI could lead to job losses if machines replace humans in certain industries, causing unemployment.

Question 4: Imagine an AI-powered robot that can make decisions about who receives medical treatment. What ethical issues might arise from this?

Answer: Ethical issues include fairness in decision-making, potential bias in the AI system, privacy concerns, and ensuring the robot's decisions are transparent and accountable.

Question 5: Complete the following truth table for an AI system that makes decisions based on two inputs: 'User Request' and 'System Confidence'. The outputs are 'Allow' or 'Deny'. The headers are: User Request, System Confidence, Allow/Deny.

Answer: [{"Allow/Deny":"Allow","User Request":"Yes","System Confidence":"High"},{"Allow/Deny":"Deny","User Request":"Yes","System Confidence":"Low"},{"Allow/Deny":"Deny","User Request":"No","System Confidence":"High"},{"Allow/Deny":"Deny","User Request":"No","System Confidence":"Low"}]

Question 6: Draw a simple logic circuit that represents an AI decision system which allows access only when 'User is authorized' AND 'System is secure'. Label the inputs and output.

Answer: A correct sketch would include two AND gates with inputs labeled 'User is authorized' and 'System is secure', leading to an output labeled 'Access Granted'.

Question 7: Explain why transparency is important in AI systems used in decision-making.

Answer: Transparency ensures that people understand how decisions are made, which helps build trust, allows for accountability, and makes it easier to identify and correct errors or biases.

Question 8: Sketch a diagram showing how an AI system gathers data from users and then makes a decision. Include labels for data input, data processing, and decision output.

Answer: A correct sketch would show arrows leading from 'User Data' into a box labeled 'AI System', with an arrow from the box to 'Decision Output'.

Question 9: What is bias in AI, and why is it important to address it?

Answer: Bias in AI occurs when the system favors certain outcomes or groups unfairly, often due to biased training data. It is important to address because it can lead to unfair treatment of individuals and harm society's trust in AI.

Question 10: Describe a way developers can reduce bias in AI systems.

Answer: Developers can reduce bias by using diverse and balanced training data, testing the AI with different groups, and regularly reviewing the system's decisions for fairness.