Question 1: Define the term 'computer misuse'. Include at least two examples of activities that would be considered misuse.

Answer: Computer misuse refers to using computers or data in a way that is unethical or illegal. Examples include hacking into someone else's account without permission and spreading malicious software (malware).

Question 2: Describe two potential consequences for individuals or organisations if computer misuse occurs.

Answer: Potential consequences include financial loss due to fraud or theft, and damage to reputation or trust if sensitive data is leaked or misused.

Question 3: Identify and explain two ethical issues related to the collection of personal data online.

Answer: One issue is privacy, as individuals may not want their personal data to be collected or shared without consent. Another is consent itself, ensuring users are aware of and agree to data collection practices.

Question 4: Complete the truth table for the AND logic gate with the following headers: Input A, Input B, Output.

Answer: [{"A":0,"B":0,"Output":0},{"A":0,"B":1,"Output":0},{"A":1,"B":0,"Output":0},{"A":1,"B":1,"Output":1}]

Question 5: Draw a logic circuit that uses two AND gates and one OR gate to produce an output that is true only when both inputs to the first AND gate are true or when both inputs to the second AND gate are true.

Answer: A correct sketch would show two separate AND gates receiving different pairs of inputs, with their outputs feeding into an OR gate, which produces the final output.

Question 6: Explain why hacking into a computer system without permission is considered unethical, even if no damage is caused.

Answer: It is unethical because it violates privacy, breaches trust, and can lead to further malicious activities. It also often breaks laws designed to protect data and systems.

Question 7: A company collects customer data to improve services. Discuss two ethical considerations the company should keep in mind when handling this data.

Answer: The company should ensure data is kept secure to prevent breaches and should obtain explicit consent from customers before collecting and using their data.

Question 8: Describe what is meant by 'unauthorised access' in terms of computer misuse, and give an example scenario.

Answer: 'Unauthorised access' means gaining entry to a computer system or data without permission. An example is hacking into a company's database without approval.

Question 9: Sketch a simple flowchart that shows the decision process for whether an action is ethical or unethical in a computing context.

Answer: A flowchart starting with 'Is the action legal?' leading to 'Yes' or 'No'. If 'Yes', then 'Is the action respectful of privacy and consent?' leading to 'Ethical' or 'Unethical'.

Question 10: Explain the importance of ethical guidelines in preventing computer misuse.

Answer: Ethical guidelines promote responsible behaviour, help prevent illegal activities, and protect individuals' rights and data, creating a safer computing environment.