Question 1: Define the term 'AI ethics' and explain why it is important in the development of artificial intelligence systems.

Answer: AI ethics refers to the moral principles and guidelines that govern the development and use of artificial intelligence. It is important because it ensures AI systems are designed and used responsibly, minimizing harm, bias, and ensuring fairness.

Question 2: List three potential ethical issues that can arise from AI systems making decisions without human oversight.

Answer: Potential ethical issues include: 1) Bias and unfair treatment of individuals or groups, 2) Lack of accountability for decisions made by AI, 3) Privacy violations due to data misuse.

Question 3: Describe what is meant by bias in AI. Provide an example of how bias might manifest in an AI system.

Answer: Bias in AI refers to unfair prejudiced outcomes caused by skewed data or flawed algorithms. For example, an AI hiring system might favor male candidates if trained on historical data where men were predominantly hired.

Question 4: Explain why transparency in AI decision-making is ethically important.

Answer: Transparency allows users and developers to understand how decisions are made, which promotes trust, accountability, and helps identify and correct biases or errors in the system.

Question 5: Complete the following truth table for a basic AND gate. The headers are: Input A, Input B, Output. Fill in the missing outputs: (A=0, B=0), (A=0, B=1), (A=1, B=0), (A=1, B=1).

Answer: A=0, B=0, Output=0; A=0, B=1, Output=0; A=1, B=0, Output=0; A=1, B=1, Output=1.

Question 6: Draw a logic circuit for an OR gate using standard symbols. Label the inputs and output clearly.

Answer: A correct sketch would include two input lines entering an OR gate symbol (curved shape with a point at the output), with the output line labeled appropriately. Inputs are labeled A and B, and the output is labeled as 'Output'.

Question 7: Discuss one ethical concern related to AI systems collecting personal data without explicit user consent.

Answer: A major concern is privacy invasion, as AI systems may misuse or inadequately protect personal data, leading to loss of privacy and potential misuse of information.

Question 8: Sketch a simple diagram showing how an AI system might be integrated into a smart home device. Include at least one sensor, the AI processor, and a control device.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a sensor (like a motion detector), linked to an AI processor (represented as a box), which then connects to a control device (such as a smart light). The connections should be clearly labeled.

Question 9: Identify and explain one way to ensure AI systems remain ethically aligned with human values.

Answer: One way is to involve diverse stakeholders in the design process to incorporate a wide range of perspectives and values, ensuring the AI aligns with societal ethical standards.

Question 10: Describe a scenario where an AI system's lack of transparency could lead to ethical issues.

Answer: If an AI system denies someone a loan without explaining the reason, the individual cannot challenge or understand the decision, raising concerns about fairness and accountability.