Question 1: Define 'computer misuse' and give two examples of activities that would be considered misuse of computer systems.

Answer: Computer misuse involves using computer systems in an unauthorized or unethical way. Examples include hacking into someone else's account without permission and spreading malicious software or viruses.

Question 2: Explain why it is important for individuals and organisations to follow legal and ethical guidelines when using computer networks.

Answer: Following guidelines helps protect privacy, prevent harm, ensure security, and maintain trust. It also avoids legal penalties and promotes responsible use of technology.

Question 3: Describe what is meant by 'unauthorised access' in the context of computer misuse. Why is this considered unethical?

Answer: Unauthorised access means gaining entry to a computer system or data without permission. It is unethical because it violates privacy, can cause harm, and breaches trust.

Question 4: List three measures that organisations can implement to prevent unauthorised access to their systems.

Answer: Measures include implementing strong passwords, using multi-factor authentication, and installing firewalls and security software.

Question 5: Identify and explain two potential consequences of computer misuse for individuals or organisations.

Answer: Potential consequences include financial loss due to fraud or theft, and damage to reputation or loss of trust among customers or users.

Question 6: A hacker attempts to access a company's customer database without permission. What ethical issues are involved in this scenario?

Answer: The hacker is engaging in unauthorised access, which violates privacy and confidentiality. It is unethical because it harms customers and breaches trust.

Question 7: Complete the truth table for a logic gate where the inputs are A and B, and the output is C, for an AND gate. The headers are: A, B, C.

Answer: [{"A":"0","B":"0","C":"0"},{"A":"0","B":"1","C":"0"},{"A":"1","B":"0","C":"0"},{"A":"1","B":"1","C":"1"}]

Question 8: Draw a logic circuit that represents an OR gate with two inputs. Label the inputs as A and B, and the output as C.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a standard OR gate symbol with two lines entering the gate labeled A and B, and one line exiting labeled C.

Question 9: Sketch a design for a simple user authentication login screen that emphasizes security and privacy considerations. Include space for username and password fields.

Answer: A good sketch would include labeled input fields for username and password, a submit button, and possibly icons indicating privacy and security, such as a lock icon.

Question 10: Explain why ethical considerations are important when designing new computer systems or software.

Answer: Ethical considerations ensure that systems respect users' rights, protect privacy, prevent harm, and promote fairness. This builds trust and prevents misuse.

Question 11: Describe what a responsible digital citizen should do when they encounter illegal or unethical activities online.

Answer: A responsible digital citizen should report the activity to appropriate authorities, avoid engaging further, and promote ethical online behaviour.