Question 1: Define the term 'phishing' and explain how it can threaten computer networks.

Answer: Phishing is a cyber attack where attackers send fraudulent messages, often via email, to trick individuals into revealing sensitive information such as passwords or bank details. It threatens networks by providing attackers with access credentials or malware.

Question 2: List three common types of malware and briefly describe each.

Answer: 1. Virus: Malicious software that replicates itself and spreads to other files or programs. 2. Trojan Horse: Malware disguised as legitimate software, tricking users into installing it. 3. Ransomware: Malware that encrypts a user's data and demands payment for its release.

Question 3: Describe what a firewall does in protecting a computer network.

Answer: A firewall acts as a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks, monitoring and controlling incoming and outgoing network traffic based on security rules.

Question 4: Complete the following truth table for an AND logic gate: Input A | Input B | Output --------------------------

Answer: A | B | Output 0 | 0 | 0 0 | 1 | 0 1 | 0 | 0 1 | 1 | 1

Question 5: Explain why strong passwords are important for network security. Provide two examples of strong passwords.

Answer: Strong passwords are important because they prevent unauthorized access to accounts and networks. Examples include: 'G7p$2kL!9q' and 'Secure#2024!'.

Question 6: Sketch a simple network diagram showing a computer connected to a router, which is connected to the internet. Leave space for your drawing.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a computer device connected by a line to a box labeled 'Router', and the router connected to a cloud or symbol representing the internet.

Question 7: Describe what a Denial of Service (DoS) attack is and how it affects a network.

Answer: A DoS attack floods a network or server with excessive traffic, overwhelming it and making it unavailable to legitimate users, effectively causing a denial of service.

Question 8: List two ways to protect a network against unauthorised access.

Answer: 1. Using strong, unique passwords for all accounts. 2. Implementing access controls and user authentication systems like usernames and passwords or two-factor authentication.

Question 9: Describe what encryption does to data sent across a network.

Answer: Encryption converts data into a coded form that can only be read by someone with the correct decryption key, helping to keep data secure during transmission.

Question 10: Sketch a basic diagram of a secure Wi-Fi network setup. Include a modem, router, and a device such as a laptop. Leave space for your drawing.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a modem connected to a router, which wirelessly connects to a laptop or other device, with labels indicating Wi-Fi signal and security features like WPA2.