Question 1: Explain in your own words how a black-and-white digital image is stored in a computer. Mention what kind of data is used and how each pixel is represented.

Answer: A black-and-white digital image is stored using a matrix of pixels, where each pixel is represented by a single bit: 0 for white and 1 for black. The data is stored as a grid of binary values, with each value indicating the pixel's colour.

Question 2: Describe the difference between raster and vector images in terms of data representation.

Answer: Raster images are made up of a grid of pixels, each with specific colour values, which makes them resolution-dependent. Vector images use mathematical formulas to define shapes and lines, making them scalable without losing quality.

Question 3: A digital image is stored using 24 bits per pixel. How many different colours can this image display?

Answer: It can display 2^24 = 16,777,216 different colours.

Question 4: Complete the truth table for the AND logic gate with inputs A and B and output C.

Answer: [{"A":0,"B":0,"C":0},{"A":0,"B":1,"C":0},{"A":1,"B":0,"C":0},{"A":1,"B":1,"C":1}]

Question 5: Complete the truth table for the OR logic gate with inputs A and B and output C.

Answer: [{"A":0,"B":0,"C":0},{"A":0,"B":1,"C":1},{"A":1,"B":0,"C":1},{"A":1,"B":1,"C":1}]

Question 6: Draw the logic circuit for an AND gate with two inputs, A and B. Label the circuit clearly.

Answer: A correct sketch should show a standard AND gate shape with two input lines labeled A and B entering from the left, and one output line labeled C on the right.

Question 7: Draw the logic circuit for a NOT gate that takes input A and produces output B. Label your diagram clearly.

Answer: A correct sketch should show a standard NOT gate shape (a triangle with a small circle at the tip) with input A entering from the left and output B leaving from the circle's tip.

Question 8: A digital image uses 8 bits per pixel. How many colours can be represented? Show your calculation.

Answer: Number of colours = 2^8 = 256.

Question 9: Sketch a simple representation of a colour image pixel that contains red, green, and blue components. Use labels to show how these components might be stored as binary values.

Answer: A sketch should show three separate blocks labeled Red, Green, and Blue, each with a binary value (e.g., 8 bits). These three values are combined to form the final pixel colour.

Question 10: Explain how changing the binary values in a pixel's data might affect the colour shown in an image.

Answer: Changing the binary values alters the intensity of the red, green, or blue components, which changes the overall colour displayed. For example, increasing the binary value for red makes the pixel appear more red.