Question 1: Name the four main layers of the Internet protocol stack in order, starting from the highest layer to the lowest.

Answer: Application, Transport, Network, Data Link

Question 2: Describe the role of the Transport layer in a computer network.

Answer: The Transport layer manages end-to-end communication between devices, ensuring data is delivered accurately and in the correct order.

Question 3: Explain what happens when data is sent from your computer to a website, focusing on the data moving through the layers.

Answer: Data starts at the Application layer where it is created. It then moves down through the Transport, Network, and Data Link layers, each adding specific headers. The data is transmitted over physical cables or wireless signals, passing through routers and switches, until it reaches the website's server, where the process is reversed.

Question 4: Complete the following table for the functions of each network layer:

Answer: Layer: Application | Function: Provides network services directly to user applications. Layer: Transport | Function: Ensures complete data transfer and manages error checking. Layer: Network | Function: Routes data packets between devices across networks. Layer: Data Link | Function: Handles physical addressing and error detection on local links.

Question 5: What is the purpose of an IP address in a network?

Answer: An IP address uniquely identifies a device on a network, allowing data to be sent to the correct destination.

Question 6: Draw a simple diagram of the four-layer network model, labeling each layer.

Answer: A large blank space for students to sketch four horizontal boxes stacked vertically, labeled from top to bottom as Application, Transport, Network, Data Link.

Question 7: Sketch a basic diagram showing how data moves from a computer to a router and then to the internet.

Answer: A large blank space for students to draw a computer connected by an arrow to a router, which then connects to a cloud representing the internet.

Question 8: Draw a logic circuit for an AND gate, including the input and output labels.

Answer: A symbol with two inputs entering a flat-ended curve and one output leaving the right side, labeled as AND gate; inputs labeled A and B, output labeled as C.

Question 9: Complete the truth table for the OR logic gate with inputs A and B, and output C.

Answer: A | B | C 0 | 0 | 0 0 | 1 | 1 1 | 0 | 1 1 | 1 | 1

Question 10: Explain how data is protected as it travels through different network layers.

Answer: Data is encapsulated with headers at each layer, which include addressing and control information. Encryption may also be used to protect data from unauthorized access during transmission.

Question 11: Describe one way a network layer helps in avoiding data collisions.

Answer: The Network layer uses unique IP addresses and routing algorithms to direct data efficiently, preventing collisions and ensuring data reaches the correct destination.