Question 1: Explain why privacy is considered an important ethical concern in using digital technologies.

Answer: Privacy is important because it protects individuals from unwanted surveillance, identity theft, and misuse of personal data. Respecting privacy upholds personal freedom and human rights.

Question 2: Identify two potential risks to personal privacy when using social media platforms.

Answer: Risks include exposure of personal information to strangers and the possibility of data being collected and used without consent.

Question 3: Describe a scenario where a company's collection of user data could be considered unethical.

Answer: If a company collects user data without informing users and sells this data to third parties for marketing purposes, it breaches ethical standards of transparency and consent.

Question 4: List three ways individuals can protect their privacy when browsing the internet.

Answer: Using strong passwords, enabling privacy settings on social media, and installing security software or VPNs.

Question 5: Complete the truth table for the following logic gate: AND. (Fill in columns for inputs A, B, and output Q).

Answer: A | B | Q ---|---|--- 0 | 0 | 0 0 | 1 | 0 1 | 0 | 0 1 | 1 | 1

Question 6: Draw a simple logic circuit that uses an AND gate and an OR gate to combine two inputs, A and B, to produce an output.

Answer: A correct sketch would include two inputs labeled A and B, one AND gate, one OR gate, and wiring connecting A and B to both gates, with the outputs feeding into a final output line.

Question 7: Explain the ethical considerations a company should take into account when designing a new app that collects user data.

Answer: The company should consider user consent, data security, transparency about data usage, and ensure data is only used for its intended purpose.

Question 8: Sketch a diagram showing how personal data might flow from a user’s smartphone to a company's server and back. Include labels for each stage.

Answer: A correct sketch should show a smartphone, data transmission arrows to a server, and back, with labels such as 'Data Collection', 'Data Transmission', 'Data Storage', and 'Data Access'.

Question 9: Identify and explain two ethical dilemmas related to government surveillance and individual privacy.

Answer: One dilemma is balancing national security with personal privacy, where surveillance may prevent crime but infringe on individual rights. Another is whether governments should have unrestricted access to personal data, risking abuse of power.

Question 10: Describe how encryption helps protect user privacy online.

Answer: Encryption converts data into a coded format that can only be read with a decryption key, ensuring that sensitive information remains confidential during transmission and storage.