Question 1: Write a short program or pseudocode to concatenate the string "Hello" with the string "World" and display the result.

Answer: result = "Hello" + "World"; print(result) // Output: HelloWorld

Question 2: Given the string "Programming", find the character at the 5th position (assuming the first position is 1).

Answer: The character at position 5 is 'a' (since 'P' = 1, 'r' = 2, 'o' = 3, 'g' = 4, 'r' = 5).

Question 3: Describe how you would extract the substring "gram" from the string "Programming" in your chosen programming language.

Answer: Use a substring function, e.g., in Python: substring = "Programming"[2:6], which gives 'ogram'. To get 'gram', use [3:7].

Question 4: Write a program or pseudocode to convert the string "hello" to uppercase.

Answer: In Python: result = "hello".upper() // Output: HELLO

Question 5: Given the string "DataScience", write a line of code that replaces "Science" with "Analysis".

Answer: new_string = "DataScience".replace("Science", "Analysis") // Result: "DataAnalysis"

Question 6: Describe what the following pseudocode does: FOR i FROM 0 TO LENGTH OF string - 1 PRINT character at position i END FOR

Answer: It loops through each character in the string from the first to the last, printing each character on a new line or sequentially.

Question 7: Sketch a simple flowchart that shows the logic for checking if a string contains the letter 'a'.

Answer: A correct sketch would include: Start -> Input string -> Check if 'a' in string -> Yes? Output 'Contains a' -> End; No? Output 'Does not contain a' -> End.

Question 8: Complete the truth table for the logical AND gate with inputs A and B: | A | B | Output | |---|---|---------|

Answer: A | B | Output ---|---|-------- 0 | 0 | 0 0 | 1 | 0 1 | 0 | 0 1 | 1 | 1

Question 9: Draw a flowchart that starts with inputting a string, then checks if the string length is greater than 5, and finally outputs an appropriate message.

Answer: A correct flowchart should include: Start -> Input string -> Check if length > 5 -> Yes? Output 'Long string' -> End; No? Output 'Short string' -> End.

Question 10: Explain how you would reverse a string in your chosen programming language.

Answer: In Python, use slicing: reversed_string = original_string[::-1]. This creates a new string with characters in reverse order.

Question 11: Write pseudocode to convert all vowels in a string to the uppercase letter 'A'.

Answer: Initialize new_string as empty For each character in original_string: If character is a vowel (a, e, i, o, u): Append 'A' to new_string Else: Append the original character to new_string Return new_string