Question 1: Define copyright and explain its purpose in protecting digital content.

Answer: Copyright is a legal right that grants creators exclusive control over the use and distribution of their original works, such as software, music, and images. Its purpose is to protect creators' rights and encourage innovation by preventing unauthorized copying and use.

Question 2: Describe two ways in which copyright laws can impact students when using online resources for school projects.

Answer: Firstly, students must ensure they have permission or appropriate licences to use copyrighted materials, which may restrict their ability to freely include certain images or texts. Secondly, they need to credit sources correctly to avoid plagiarism, which could lead to academic penalties if not done properly.

Question 3: Explain the difference between 'fair use' and 'copyright infringement'.

Answer: 'Fair use' is a legal exception that allows limited use of copyrighted material without permission, such as for criticism, comment, or education. 'Copyright infringement' occurs when someone uses copyrighted material without permission or a valid exception, violating the creator's rights.

Question 4: List three types of digital content that are protected by copyright laws.

Answer: Music, software, and images.

Question 5: Identify two ethical considerations when creating and sharing digital content online.

Answer: One consideration is respecting the rights of content creators by not copying or distributing their work without permission. Another is ensuring honesty and transparency, such as giving proper attribution when sharing work created by others.

Question 6: Complete the truth table for a logic gate where the inputs are A and B, and the output is X, where X is true only if both A and B are true.

Answer: A | B | X ---|---|--- 0 | 0 | 0 0 | 1 | 0 1 | 0 | 0 1 | 1 | 1

Question 7: Draw a simple logic circuit that represents an AND gate using two input variables, A and B. Label the circuit clearly.

Answer: The student’s sketch should show two lines representing inputs A and B entering the AND gate symbol (a D-shaped symbol). The output should be labeled as X, coming from the gate. The circuit should be neat and properly labelled.

Question 8: Sketch a design for a digital watermark that could be embedded into an image to protect copyright.

Answer: A clear, simple design such as a small logo or text pattern that can be subtly integrated into an image without disturbing its appearance. The watermark should be distinguishable as a mark of ownership but not intrusive.

Question 9: Describe a scenario where sharing copyrighted software without permission would be considered unethical and illegal.

Answer: If a student downloads and distributes a paid software program to friends without purchasing a license, it would be unethical because it violates the creator's rights and is illegal under copyright law. This can lead to legal action and damages.

Question 10: Explain why it is important for computer scientists to consider the ethical implications of their work, particularly regarding copyright.

Answer: Considering ethical implications ensures respect for creators' rights, promotes trust and integrity in technology development, and prevents legal issues. It also encourages responsible use and sharing of digital content.