Question 1: Write a simple pseudocode example of an if statement that checks if a variable 'score' is greater than or equal to 50. If true, it should print 'Pass'.

Answer: IF score >= 50 THEN PRINT 'Pass'

Question 2: Explain the difference between a 'for' loop and a 'while' loop in programming. Provide one example scenario where each would be appropriate.

Answer: A 'for' loop is used when the number of iterations is known beforehand, such as iterating over a fixed list. A 'while' loop repeats as long as a condition is true, suitable when the number of iterations is uncertain, for example, reading data until an end signal.

Question 3: Write pseudocode for a program that repeatedly asks a user to enter a number until they input a negative number.

Answer: REPEAT READ number WHILE number >= 0 DO ASK for a new number READ number ENDWHILE UNTIL number < 0

Question 4: Complete the truth table for an AND gate with two inputs, A and B, and one output, Q. Fill in the missing values:

Answer: {"A":["0","0","1","1"],"B":["0","1","0","1"],"Q":["?","?","?","?"]}

Question 5: Draw a logic circuit for an OR gate with two inputs. Label each part clearly and include the output.

Answer: A correct sketch would show two input lines entering an OR gate symbol (curved shape), with a single output line emerging from it.

Question 6: Describe a real-life scenario where an 'if' statement could be used in a computer program. Write the pseudocode for this scenario.

Answer: Scenario: Checking if a user is old enough to buy alcohol. Pseudocode: IF age >= 18 THEN Allow purchase ELSE Deny purchase

Question 7: Sketch a flowchart for a program that determines if a number entered by the user is even or odd.

Answer: A correct flowchart would start with input, then a decision box checking 'number mod 2 == 0'. If true, output 'Even'; if false, output 'Odd'.

Question 8: Write pseudocode for a loop that counts from 1 to 10 and displays each number.

Answer: FOR i = 1 TO 10 PRINT i END FOR

Question 9: Explain what a nested loop is and give a simple example scenario where nested loops are useful.

Answer: A nested loop is a loop inside another loop. For example, printing a multiplication table where the outer loop runs through numbers 1-10, and the inner loop multiplies each number by 1-10.

Question 10: Complete the truth table for an XOR gate with inputs A and B, and output Q.

Answer: {"A":["0","0","1","1"],"B":["0","1","0","1"],"Q":["?","?","?","?"]}

Question 11: Draw a flowchart for a program that checks if a number is positive, negative, or zero.

Answer: A correct flowchart would start with input, then a decision box for 'number > 0'. If true, output 'Positive'; else, check 'number < 0' for 'Negative'; if neither, output 'Zero'.