Question 1: Write a simple pseudocode snippet that uses an if statement to check if a number stored in variable 'score' is greater than 50. If it is, output 'Pass'.

Answer: If score > 50 Then Output 'Pass' EndIf

Question 2: Describe a scenario in real life where a 'while' loop could be used in programming. Explain what the loop condition might be.

Answer: A 'while' loop could be used to keep checking if a user has inserted enough coins into a vending machine. The condition might be 'while coins inserted < price of item'.

Question 3: Complete the truth table for an AND logic gate with inputs A and B. Fill in the outputs for all input combinations.

Answer: A | B | Output ---|---|-------- 0 | 0 | 0 0 | 1 | 0 1 | 0 | 0 1 | 1 | 1

Question 4: Draw a flowchart that describes a program which asks the user for their age and then displays a message saying 'Adult' if the age is 18 or above, or 'Minor' if below 18.

Answer: A correct flowchart would start with an input box for 'Enter age', then a decision diamond checking 'Is age >= 18?'. If yes, go to a process box displaying 'Adult'; if no, display 'Minor'.

Question 5: Identify the control structure used in the following scenario: 'A game continues to run until the player chooses to exit.'

Answer: A loop, specifically a 'while' or 'do-while' loop that continues until an exit condition is met.

Question 6: Sketch a simple block diagram for a digital circuit that uses an OR gate to combine two signals. Label the inputs and output clearly.

Answer: A correct sketch would show two input lines labeled 'A' and 'B' entering an OR gate symbol, with the output line labeled 'Output'.

Question 7: Write pseudocode for a program that counts from 1 to 10 using a 'for' loop and prints each number.

Answer: For i = 1 To 10 Print i Next i

Question 8: Explain the difference between an 'if' statement and a 'while' loop in programming.

Answer: An 'if' statement checks a condition once to decide whether to execute a block of code, while a 'while' loop repeats the execution of a block as long as the condition remains true.

Question 9: Describe how a NOT gate works in a digital circuit and what its output would be if the input is true.

Answer: A NOT gate inverts the input signal. If the input is true (1), the output will be false (0).

Question 10: Complete the truth table for an OR logic gate with inputs A and B.

Answer: A | B | Output ---|---|-------- 0 | 0 | 0 0 | 1 | 1 1 | 0 | 1 1 | 1 | 1