Question 1: Explain why electronic waste (e-waste) can be harmful to the environment. Provide two reasons.

Answer: E-waste can release toxic substances like lead and mercury into the soil and water, harming ecosystems and human health. Additionally, improper disposal contributes to landfill overflow and pollution.

Question 2: Identify two ways in which companies can reduce their environmental impact when manufacturing electronic devices.

Answer: Companies can reduce environmental impact by using recyclable materials and designing products that are energy-efficient or easier to repair and upgrade.

Question 3: Describe an ethical issue related to the use of large data centres that consume a lot of electricity.

Answer: The ethical issue is whether it is acceptable to use large amounts of electricity, which may come from non-renewable sources, contributing to environmental damage and climate change.

Question 4: Complete the following truth table for a NOT gate: Inputs | Output -------|------- 0 | ? 1 | ?

Answer: Inputs: 0 and 1; Output: 1 and 0 respectively.

Question 5: Complete the truth table for an AND gate with two inputs:

Answer: Inputs: 0, 0; 0, 1; 1, 0; 1, 1 Outputs: 0, 0, 0, 1

Question 6: Draw a logic circuit that represents the combination of an OR gate and an AND gate, where the output of the OR gate feeds into one of the inputs of the AND gate. Label all components clearly.

Answer: A correct sketch would show an OR gate with two inputs, its output connected to one input of an AND gate, with the other input of the AND gate receiving a separate signal. All gates are labeled appropriately.

Question 7: Sketch a design for a device that could help reduce energy consumption in a classroom. The sketch should include labels for key features.

Answer: A detailed sketch of a device such as a smart power strip or automated lighting system, with labels indicating sensors, switches, and power controls.

Question 8: Explain how recycling electronic devices can help protect the environment. Include two specific benefits.

Answer: Recycling reduces the amount of e-waste in landfills, preventing toxic substances from contaminating the environment. It also conserves natural resources by reusing materials like metals and plastics.

Question 9: Describe one ethical dilemma a company might face when deciding whether to upgrade their data servers to be more energy-efficient.

Answer: The dilemma could be whether to incur higher costs for energy-efficient servers, potentially affecting profit, or to continue using less efficient servers, which harm the environment.

Question 10: Suggest one way that individuals can minimise their environmental impact when using electronic devices.

Answer: Individuals can turn off devices when not in use or use energy-saving settings.